Ch. 4 Assessing Cognition Flashcards

1
Q

True or False. The type and extent of impairment is related to the location of the injury and the severity of the injury.

A

True

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2
Q

How many categories can ATTENTION be divided?

A

5

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3
Q

Name the 5 different categories of ATTENTION

A
  1. alertness
  2. Sustained attention (vigilance)
  3. selective attention
  4. alternating attention
  5. Divided Attention
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4
Q

How many kinds of alertness exist?

A

2 types

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5
Q

Name the 2 kinds of alertness that exist?

A

Tonic Alertness and Phasic Alertness

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6
Q

The readiness to respond over long time intervals (usually not tested but estimated during interview with fam. reports) is:

A

Tonic Alertness

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7
Q

What is Tonic Alertness?

A

The readiness to respond over long time intervals (usually not tested but estimated during interview with fam. reports) is:

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8
Q

Alertness that requires rapid responses

A

Phasic Alertness

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9
Q

Describe Phasic Alertness

A

it requires rapid responses, and it can be tested with Reaction-type testing (pushing a button, etc.)

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10
Q

What is sustained attention?

A

the ability to maintain a steady response during nonstop and repetitive activity

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11
Q

It can be tested by doing strings of computer presented auditory or visual stimuli (#s, letters, sounds). Patient needs to indicate when they hear or see a target.

A

Sustained Attention

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12
Q

What is another term for Sustained Attention?

A

Vigilance

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13
Q

It can be assessed through cancellation tasks

A

Selective Attention

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14
Q

It can be assessed when target to be cancelled out changes. EG. #6 in one line, letter B in next line)

A

Alternating Attention

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15
Q

How can Alternating Attention be assessed?

A

It can be assessed when target to be cancelled out changes. EG. #6 in one line, letter B in next line)

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16
Q

In this task, you need to retain information while performing another task

A

Divided attention

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17
Q

Describe Divided Attention

A

you need to retain information while performing another task

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18
Q

Uses maps, everyday materials, telephone books etc.

A

Attention in Daily life

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19
Q

Memory has been divided into how many stages?

A

3 stages

20
Q

Name the 3 different stages in Memory

A
  1. Sensory register or memory
  2. Immediate Memory
  3. Long term memory
21
Q

Where incoming information is retained

A

Sensory register or memory

22
Q

Also called short-term memory or retention-span

A

Immediate memory

23
Q

Memory of large capacity is known as

A

Long term memory

24
Q

what is long term memory?

A

Memory of large capacity where information is stored.

25
Q

Long-term memory can be categorized in _______ memory and ________ memory

A

Recent, remote

26
Q

What is immediate memory?

A

Is the memory who has LIMITED capacity and decays within few seconds unless rehearsed.

27
Q

Type of memory that relates to past experiences

A

Retrospective memory

28
Q

Retrospective memory relates to:

A

past experiences

29
Q

Retrospective memory can be divided in 2 types:______ memory and _____ memory

A

Declarative, procedural

30
Q

Describe DECLARATIVE memory

A

is what we know about things (knowledge of who we are, mutiplication tables, countries etc)

31
Q

Describe PROCEDURAL memory

A

remembering thing to do in the future (such as appointments)

32
Q

What are some examples of assessing memory?

A
  1. immediate memory (retention span)
  2. remote memory
  3. visual memory
33
Q

how can immediate memory be assessed?

A

by asking repetition of digits or letters etc

34
Q

Asking pt for personal information is a way to assess what type of memory?

A

Remote memory

35
Q

Showing or removing pictures and asking pt to draw it from memory is a way to assess what type of memory?

A

Visual memory

36
Q

Is doing what has to be done to accomplish one’s goals or to solve a problem

A

Executive function

37
Q

What does EXECUTIVE FUNCTION includes?

A

process of attention, memory, planning, reasoning, abstract thinking, and problem solving

38
Q

When assessing executive functions, what is what shows impaired response flexibility

A

Perseveration

39
Q

What is assessed through cancellations tests, trail-making, or maze test, and The Five Point test?

A

Planning

40
Q

Mention the different way to assess REASONING

A

Verbal reasoning rests, verbal absurdities, logical response tests, math reasoning probs, picture completion tasks, picture arrangement etc

41
Q

What is very difficult to assess for brain-injured patients?

A

Abstract thinking

42
Q

How can abstract thinking be assess?

A

through proverb interpretation and similarities & differences, categorization (divergent/convergent tasks)

43
Q

Brain Injury can result in:

A

self-doubt, emotional lability, concreteness.

44
Q

What is emotional lability?

A

exaggerated swings in emotional expression

45
Q

what is concreteness?

A

Loss of abstract attitude