CH. 4-6

Question 1

Treaty of Paris 1763

Answer 1

France is gone from North America, GB gets Canada and lands east of Mississippi River, Spain gets Cuba for Florida and everything west of Mississippi

Question 2

Proclomation of 1763

Answer 2

Invisible line dividing the Appalachian Mountains so that colonists cannot settle west of it

Question 3

Molasses Act

Answer 3

Tax ignored for years by colonists that put a tax on molasses, sugar, and rum

Question 4

Sugar Act

Answer 4

Replaces the Molasses Act and placed a duty on molasses or sugar

Question 5

Stamp Act

Answer 5

Act which places a tax on almost all printed materials.

Question 6

Declaratory Act

Answer 6

Says parliament has total authority or control over the colonies.

Question 7

Townshend Acts

Answer 7

Tax on imported goods, including tea and glass

Question 8

Quartering act of 1765

Answer 8

Required certain colonies to provide food in quarters for British troops

Question 9

Stamp act Congress of 1765

Answer 9

Where 27 delegates from nine colonies met in New York City the members drew up a statement of their rights and grievances and requested the king and Parliament to repeal the hated legislation it was one step closer towards intercolonial unity

Question 10

The sons and daughters of liberty

Answer 10

Took the law into their own hands find forcing the nonimportation agreement

Question 11

Lord North

Answer 11

The prime minister of Britain he was forced to persuade Parliament to repeal the Townshend and revenue duties

Question 12

Samuel Adams

Answer 12

Master propagandist and engineer over 1 billion he formed the first local committee of correspondence in Massachusetts

Question 13

Committees of correspondence

Answer 13

Created by the American colonies in order to maintain communication with one another

Question 14

Intolerable acts

Answer 14

Restricted The colonists rights town meeti gs required that officials who killed colonists in the line of duty to be sent to Britain for trial

Question 15

Quebec act

Answer 15

Passed in 1774 but was not part of the intolerable acts he gave Catholic French-Canadians religious freedom and restored the fridge form of civil law

Question 16

William Pitt

Answer 16

Became a prominent leader in the London government he started to take control of the British military leadership in North America he attacked and captured Louisburg in 1758

Question 17

Pontiac

Answer 17

Ottawa chief who led several tribes aided by handful of French traders who remained in the region in a violent campaign to drive the British out of the Ohio country his Warriors capture Detroit in the spring the British eventually defeated the Indians

Question 18

Quartering Act of 1774

Answer 18

the Boston patriots were able to force the British troops to remain camped on the Boston Common until November, 1774, by refusing to allow workmen to repair the buildings General Gage had selected for quarters. Applied to all American colonies rather than just MA

Question 19

Nonimportation agreements

Answer 19

Agreements made to nonimportant British goods this was another strive towards unionism

Question 20

Battle of Lexington and Concord April 1775

Answer 20

the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War.

Question 21

Battle of Saratoga

Answer 21

the turning point of the Revolutionary War. The scope of the victory is made clear by a few key facts: On October 17, 1777, 5,895 British and Hessian troops surrendered their arms.

Question 22

Battle of Yorktown

Answer 22

The last battle of the Revolutionary War, fought in 1781 near the seacoast of Virginia. There the British general Lord Cornwallis surrendered his army to General George Washington.

Question 23

Battle of Bunker Hill

Answer 23

The first great battle of the Revolutionary War; it was fought near Boston in June 1775. The British drove the Americans from their fort at Breed’s Hill, but only after the Americans had run out of gunpowder.

Question 24

Minutemen

Answer 24

(in the period preceding and during the American Revolution) a member of a class of American militiamen who volunteered to be ready for service at a minute’s notice. (volunteer army)

Question 25

Second Continental Congress

Answer 25

a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that started meeting in the summer of 1775, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, soon after warfare in the American Revolutionary War had begun. Appoints George Washington

Question 26

First Continental Congress

Answer 26

An assembly of delegates from the thirteen colonies (soon to become the thirteen states). It governed during the Revolutionary War and under the Articles of Confederation. This group first met in 1774, before the revolution.

Question 27

Lord Cornwallis

Answer 27

(1738-1805) was an English general who fought in the Seven Years’ War and served as a member of Parliament, where he opposed the imposition of duties that proved highly controversial in the colonies.

Question 28

General George Washington

Answer 28

June 1775 he took command of the Continental Army. His victories were at the Battle of Trenton in 1776 and Yorktown in 1781.

Question 29

The Boston Massacre 1770

Answer 29

The Boston Massacre was a street fight that occurred on March 5, 1770, between a “patriot” mob, throwing snowballs, stones, and sticks, and a squad of British soldiers. Several colonists were killed and this led to a campaign by speech-writers to rouse the ire of the citizenry.

Question 30

The Gaspee Incident

Answer 30

On June 9, 1772, the Gaspee was chasing a merchant ship believed to be smuggling goods. The Gaspee ran aground in Narragansett Bay, near Providence. The next night, a group of men boarded the Gaspee. They were led by John Brown, a wealthy merchant from Providence. They wounded the lieutenant who was commanding the ship, and set the ship on fire.The British once again tried to gain more control over the colonies. The British began to directly pay the governors’ salary, rather than being paid by the colonies. The British hoped that by paying the governor’s salary, they would eliminate the colonies ability to control the governor by withholding salary.

Question 31

The Tea Act 1773

Answer 31

The Tea Act was the final straw in a series of unpopular policies and taxes imposed by Britain on her American colonies. The policy ignited a “powder keg” of opposition and resentment among American colonists and was the catalyst of the Boston Tea Party.

Question 32

The Boston Tea Party

Answer 32

The Boston Tea Party (initially referred to by John Adams as “the Destruction of the Tea in Boston”) was a political protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston, on December 16, 1773

Question 33

Common Sense Jan 1776

Answer 33

Common Sense is a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1775–76 that inspired people in the Thirteen Colonies to declare and fight for independence from Great Britain in the summer of 1776.

Question 34

Repeal of the stamp act

Answer 34

After months of protest, and an appeal by Benjamin Franklin before the British House of Commons, Parliament voted to repeal the Stamp Act in March 1766. However, the same day, Parliament passed the Declaratory Acts, asserting that the British government had free and total legislative power over the colonies.

Question 35

The Albany Plan of Union (after new england confederation 1660-80)

Answer 35

The Albany Plan of Union was a plan to place the British North American colonies under a more centralized government. On July 10, 1754, representatives from seven of the British North American colonies adopted the plan. Although never carried out, the Albany Plan was the first important proposal to conceive of the colonies as a collective whole united under one government.

Question 36

Virginia Plan

Answer 36

The Virginia Plan (also known as the Randolph Plan, after its sponsor, or the Large-State Plan) was a proposal by Virginia delegates for a bicameral legislative branch. The plan was drafted by James Madison while he waited for a quorum to assemble at the Constitutional Convention of 1787.

Question 37

Anti-federalists

Answer 37

didn’t approve of the constitution

Question 38

federalists

Answer 38

for the constitution

Question 39

Women’s role in rev war

Answer 39

nurses, seamstresses, maids, cooks, spies

Question 40

Ben Franklin

Answer 40

A delegate from Pennsylvania and proposed the “Albany Plan of the Union” as a way to strengthen colonies.

Question 41

Coercive Acts (1774)

Answer 41

1. Closed Boston port until destroyed tea paid for. 2. stopped town meetings. 3. Appointed a military government for Massachusetts. 4. Trials of government officials will be in England.

Question 42

George III

Answer 42

English monarch at the time of the revolution. He was the main opposition for the colonies due to his stubborn attitude and unwillingness to hear out colonial requests/grievances.

Question 43

John Dickinson

Answer 43

Drafted a declaration of colonial rights and grievances, and also wrote the series of “Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania” in 1767 to protest the Townshend Acts. Although an outspoken critic of British policies towards the colonies, Dickinson opposed the Revolution, and, as a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1776, refused to sign the Declaration of Independence.

Question 44

Patrick Henry

Answer 44

a leader of the American Revolution and a famous orator who spoke out against British rule of the American colonies (1736-1799)

Question 45

French and Indian War

Answer 45

Known in America as French and Indian war. It was the war between the French and their Indian allies and the English that proved the English to be the more dominant force of what was to be the United States both commercially and in terms of controlled regions.

Question 46

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 46

He was a delegate from Virginia at the Second Continental Congress and wrote the Declaration of Independence. He later served as the third President of the United States.

Question 47

Hessians

Answer 47

These were mercenaries that helped the British fight the Continental Army.

Question 48

Articles of Confederation

Answer 48

The first Constitution of the U.S. from 1781-1788. The Articles established a loose confederation of largely independent states with limited powers vested in the central government. It set up a national legislature called Congress, consisting of delegates from the states. Each state had one vote in Congress, regardless of its size or population. Reflecting the Americans distrust of centralized authority, the Articles gave the central government no power to levy or collect taxes, regulate interstate commerce, or interfere with the states. There was no national executive or president and no supreme court. The few powers assigned to Congress included declaration of war and peace, maintenance of an army, and coinage of money. Amending the Articles required a unanimous vote of Congress.

Question 49

Land Ordinance 1785

Answer 49

This law stated that the U.S. government would sell, at auction, western lands for a minimum $1 per acre. The profit would be used to pay off the national debt. The public domain was surveyed into township systems that were six square miles. Each township was divided into 36 one-square mile sections. One section equaled 640 acres.

Question 50

Shay’s Rebellion 1786

Answer 50

Captain Daniel Shays led back-country farmers in a rebellion because many people were losing their farms through mortgage foreclosures and tax delinquencies. Farmers demanded cheaper paper money, lighter taxes and a suspension of mortgage foreclosures. The rebellion ended when troops broke up Shay’s mob in Boston.

Question 51

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Answer 51

This law provided that the area north of Ohio be divided into three to five territories, and allowed a territory to have a governor, secretary, three judges, and a legislature in inhabited by 5,000 white males. The territory could apply to the U.S. government for statehood if it had 60,000 white males.

Question 52

James Madison

Answer 52

He was a delegate from Virginia and was considered the “Father of the Constitution.”

Question 53

NJ Plan

Answer 53

This plan was a counterproposal to the Virginia Plan. It enlarged the powers of Congress to include the right to levy taxes, and regulate commerce. It defined congressional laws and treaties as the “supreme law of the land” and it had separate executive and judicial branches.

Question 54

Great Compromise

Answer 54

This plan was a compromise between the Virginia and New Jersey Plans. It formed a bicameral legislature that consisted of the House of Representatives (representation based on state population) and the Senate (which had two representatives from each state). It also made money bills start in the House.

Question 55

3/5 Compromise

Answer 55

A compromise at the Constitutional Convention between northern states and southern states on how slaves were to be counted for direct taxation and representation in the House of Representatives. The South believed that slaves should be considered as persons in determining population but as property in determining taxes; the North held the opposite view. The compromise provided that “three-fifths” of all slaves would be added to the number of free persons in determining the population of a state for purposes of representation and taxatio

Question 56

Bill of Rights

Answer 56

These are the first ten amendments to the Constitution and enumerated the rights of men protected under the Constitution.

Question 57

The Albany Congress

Answer 57

In June of 1754, representatives from seven colonies met with 150 Iroquois Chiefs in Albany, New York. The purposes of the Albany Congress were twofold; to try to secure the support and cooperation of the Iroquois in fighting the French, and to form a colonial alliance based on a design by Benjamin Franklin. The plan of union was passed unanimously. But when the delegates returned to their colonies with the plan, not a single provincial legislature would ratify it. Franklin’s plan resembled the Articles of Confederation, and would have provided for coordinated taxation and militia forces to defend the frontiers.

Question 58

George Grenville

Answer 58

Prime minishter who, in 1763, ordered the British navy to begin stricly enforcing the Navigation laws. He also secured from parliament the Sugar Act of 1764, The Quartering Act, and the Stamp Act.

Question 59

Lord Dunmore

Answer 59

Royal british governor of Virginia. In 1755 he issued a proclamation promising freedom for any enslaved black in Virginia who joined the British Army “Lord Dunmore’s Ethiopian Regiment”

Question 60

Constitutional convention

Answer 60

The Constitutional Convention took place from May 25 to September 17, 1787 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to address problems in governing the United States of America, which had been operating under the Articles of Confederation following independence from Great Britain. Although the Convention was intended to revise the Articles of Confederation, the intention from the outset of many of its proponents, chief among them James Madison and Alexander Hamilton, was to create a new government rather than fix the existing one. The delegates elected George Washington to preside over the Convention. The result of the Convention was the creation of the United States Constitution

Question 61

Cause of the french and indian war

Answer 61

Although struggles for supremacy had been going on for many decades between France and England in the New World, hostilities intensified in the early 1750’s as both English and French settlers had attempted to colonize land in the Ohio River Valley, near present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The English settlers, who had moved northwest from Virginia, and French settlers, who had moved east from the Great Lakes, or south from Canada, each thought they owned the rights to the land.

In 1754, English forces under George Washington had begun their march to Fort Duquesne for the purposes of ousting the French from the region by force. On the way, they encountered a French scouting party near present-day Uniontown, Pennsylvania. Washington’s men massacred the party in what came to be known as The Battle of Jumonville Glen. Washington soon took camp at Great Meadows, a large natural clearing, and ordered the construction of Fort Necessity in anticipation of a French response. The French did respond, as 600 soldiers forced Washington to surrender the fort. The French and Indian War had begun.

Question 62

Baptists

Answer 62

Baptists were the most persecuted, and thus became the most vocal advocates of religious liberty and separation of church and state, taking the lead in the establishment of religious liberty and separation of church and state first in Virginia, and then at the federal level.

Question 63

Cherokee Attack

Answer 63

Incited by British royal agents, the Cherokee attacked along the entire southern frontier; July 1776