ch 4/20/21

Question 1

advantages of federalism

Answer 1

efficiency/experimentation/
regional differences

Question 2

disadvantages of federalism

Answer 2

local self rule no beneficial/
cannot impede national progress/
different coordinating policies between federal, state, and local governments

Question 3

mcculloch v. maryland

Answer 3

attempted to tax the fed bank
marshall ruled elastic clause
sup court ruled supremacy clause

Question 4

unitary government

Answer 4

central gov
best for small countries
power is curtsy of the centre

Question 5

confederate government

Answer 5

sovereign states delegate power to a central government
lack or authority=inefficiency and conflict

Question 6

concurrent powers

Answer 6

national and state gov share power

Question 7

supremacy clause

Answer 7

constitution and other laws/treaties made by the national gov are “separate law of the land”

Question 8

elastic clause

Answer 8

power to pass all laws necessary and proper

Question 9

duel federalism

Answer 9

layer-cake federalism
power is divided between national and state government

Question 10

cooperative federalism

Answer 10

federal and state government shares power over public policy issues

Question 11

local governments

Answer 11

separation of counties (basic services), municipals (cities/towns/villages), and townships (2 classes based off population)

Question 12

governors

Answer 12

responsible for implementing state laws and overseeing the operation of the state executive branch

Question 13

3 levels of crimes

Answer 13

infractions (petty crimes), misdemeanors (low crime, fines or jail time), felonies (most serious, death or 1+ years in prison)

Question 14

zoning

Answer 14

system of land use regulation that determines size, shape, and activities
Ordinances: make most appropriate use of land
advantages: promote health, safety, prosperity
disadvantages: threaten/destroy wetlands, cropland, forests, open space, and discourages innovative approaches

Question 15

city services

Answer 15

zoning, education, road maintenance, transportation , public safety, and first responders

Question 16

special districts

Answer 16

unit of local government that preforms a single service in a limited geographic area

Question 17

state expenditures

Answer 17

healthcare, education, pensions, transportation, public safety/assistance, administration and interest

Question 18

shared powers

Answer 18

concurrent powers

Question 19

gerrymandering

Answer 19

practice of setting boundaries of electoral districts to favor specific political interests within legislative bodies

Question 20

bicameral legislative

Answer 20

all but one state has this legislative
Congress has two houses: the House of Representative and the Senate

Question 21

expressed/implied powers

Answer 21

powers listed in the constitution/common curtsy powers, not in the constitution

Question 22

unfunded mandates

Answer 22

state or local government preforms certain actions without funding