Ch. 4

Question 1

Connective Tissue Characteristics

Answer 1

Connects body parts
Abundant substance found in every organ
Primarily involved in:
– Protection
– Support
– Binding together body tissues
It has an extracellular matrix

Question 2

Describe the blood supply of CT

Answer 2

Most are well vascularized but tendons and ligaments have poor blood supply and cartilages are avascular (due to the poor blood supply, the above
structures heal very slowly when injured)

Question 3

What does CT consist of

Answer 3

Living cells surrounded by a matrix

Question 4

What are the major differences in types of CT

Answer 4

specific cell types, fiber types, and the number of fibers in the matrix

Question 5

What are the classes of CT ranging from most rigid to most fluid

Answer 5

Bone
cartilage
dense connective tissue
loose connective tissue
blood
(BCDLB -> Bonnie Can Dance Like Blondie)

Question 6

Functions of Connective Tissue

Answer 6

• Organs (enclose and separate into layers)
• Tendons and ligaments (connect tissues to one another)
• Bones (support and movement)
• Fat (storage, cushion, and insulate)
• Blood (transport)
• Immune system cells (protect)
  (OTBFBI -> On Thursday Bonnie FaceTimed Blondie Instantly)

Question 7

Cells of Connective Tissue

Answer 7

Blasts: create the matrix (osteoblast)
Cytes: maintain the matrix (chondrocyte)
Clasts: break the matrix down for remodeling (osteoclasts)

Question 8

ECM produced by CT cells have 2 main components

Answer 8

Ground substance
* Primarily water plus adhesion proteins and polysaccharide molecules
– Fibers
* Collagen, reticular and elastic
(the amount of either of these vary from tissues)

Question 9

What is the ground substance of the ECM made of?

Answer 9

Water plus adhesion proteins (glue that allows the CT cells to attach themselves to the matrix fibers), polysaccharide molecules (trap water and keep the area lubricated) and proteoglycans

Question 10

Protein fibers of the matrix

Answer 10

Collagen
* Most common protein in body
* can bend
* not elastic
Reticular
* Fill spaces between tissues and organs
* Fine fiber network. Form the internal “skeleton” of the soft organs
Elastic
* Stretch & recoil returning to original shape
* Contains molecules of protein elastin that resemble
coiled springs
(CER - Cathy ate ramen)

Question 11

Types of ET

Answer 11

Cutaneous
- skin
mucous
- ET plus underlying CT
- stratified squamous or simple columnar
- absorption and secretion
- Lines all body cavities that open to the exterior (upper
respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts)
serous
- Simple squamous plus loose CT
- Lines body cavities that are closed to the exterior (ventral and
abdominopelvic)

Question 12

Layer of serous membranes

Answer 12

Parietal layer
- line the wall of the ventral body
Visceral layer
- covers the outside of the organs in that cavity
Layers are separated by serous fluid

Question 13

location of serous membranes

Answer 13

abdominal cavity: peritoneum
lungs: pleura
heart: pericardium

Question 14

5 layers of Epidermis

Answer 14

Stratum Corneum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale
(CLGSB - Clyde Let Gabby Stay Back)