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Physics > Ch 4 > Flashcards

Ch 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

The half value layer of a superficial beam is between:
A. 0-1 mm Al
B. 1-10 mm Al
C. 10-30 mm Al
D. 30-50 mm Al

A

B. 1-10 mm Al

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2
Q

In orthovoltage therapy, 90% of the dose occurs at an approximate depth of:
A. 0.5 cm
B. 1.0 cm
C. 2.0 cm
D. 5.0 cm

A

C. 2.0 cm

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3
Q

The output of a cobalt-60 therapy source decreases each month by about:
A. 0.1%
B. 1.0%
C. 2.0%
D. 5.0%

A

B. 1.0%

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4
Q

Which of the following is not an accelerator component:
A. waveguide
B. transducer
C. circulator
D. modulator
E. thyratron

A

B. transducer

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5
Q

In a linear accelerator, the flattening filter is used to:
A. flatten the front end of the accelerator head
B. make the beam intensity uniform
C. produce electron beams
D. filter the neutrons from the beam

A

B. make the beam intensity uniform

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6
Q

Superficial machines operate between:

A. 10-20 kV
B. 20-50 kV
C. 50-150 kV
D. 150-400 kV

A

C. 50-150 kV

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7
Q

Superficial machines are useful for treating tumors confined to:

A. 0-5 mm
B. 0-10 mm
C. 0-20 mm
D. 0-30 mm

A

A. 0-5 mm

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8
Q

Typical SSD for superficial units is :

A. 5-15 cm
B. 15-20 cm
C. 20-30 cm
D. 30-50 cm

A

B. 15-20 cm

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9
Q

Orthovoltage therapy is delivered with x-rays produced by potentials ranging from:

A. 50-100 kV
B. 100-150 kV
C. 150-500 kV
D. 500-660 kV

A

C. 150-500 kV

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10
Q

Orthovoltage beams have a half value layer in the range of:

A. 1-3 mm Al
B. 3-5 mm Al
C. 1-4 mm Cu
D. 1-2 mm W

A

C. 1-4 mm Cu

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11
Q

The greatest limitation of the orthovoltage beams for treating deeper tumors is:

A. Low dose rate
B. High skin dose
C. Poor penumbra
D. Unstable dose rate

A

B. High skin dose

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12
Q

The f-factor for soft tissue for an orthovoltage beam is typically:

A. About unity
B. About 3
C. About 10
D. None of the above

A

A. About unity

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13
Q

Cobalt-60 therapy machines produce photon beam energies of:

A. 1-1.33 MeV
B. 1.17 and 1.33 MeV
C. 1.25 MeV
D. 1.17 MeV

A

B. 1.17 and 1.33 MeV

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14
Q

A cobalt-60 therapy source usually has a diameter of:

A. 1-3 mm
B. 3-5 mm
C. 5-10 mm
D. 10-20 mm

A

D. 10-20 mm

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15
Q

The penumbra at 80 cm SSD from a 2 cm diameter Cobalt-60 source collimated at 40
cm from the source is:

A. 0.5 cm
B. 1.0 cm
C. 2.0 cm
D. 4.0 cm

A

C. 2.0 cm

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16
Q

The half value thickness (HVT) for a cobalt-60 beam is:

A. 10 mm Al
B. 10 mm Cu
C. 12 mm Pb
D. 12 mm W

A

C. 12 mm Pb

17
Q

The transmission of a cobalt-60 beam through a 6 cm thick lead block is about:

A. 25%
B. 10%
C. 7.5%
D. 3.1%

A

D. 3.1%

18
Q

Special collimation used to reduce the penumbra from a cobalt-60 unit is called:

A. Cheater block
B. Multileaf system
C. Trimmers
D. None of the above

A

C. Trimmers

19
Q

In order to accelerate electrons, linear accelerators use:

A. Ultrasound waves
B. Electromagnetic waves
C. Ultraviolet rays
D. Low energy rays

A

B. Electromagnetic waves

20
Q

The frequency of electromagnetic waves typically used in linear accelerators to
accelerate electrons is:

A. 3 kHz
B. 30 MHz
C. 300 MHz
D. 3000 MHz
E. 3000 GHz

A

D. 3000 MHz

21
Q

In a standing wave accelerator, the energy gained by an electron is approximately:

A. 10 keV/cm
B. 20 keV/cm
C. 75 keV/cm
D. 150 keV/cm

A

D. 150 keV/cm

22
Q

The sources of accelerating power in a linear accelerator are:

A. Thyratron and electron gun
B. Klystron and magnetron
C. Magnetron and electron gun
D. Buncher and pre-buncher

A

B. Klystron and magnetron

23
Q

A magnetron in a 4-6 MV linear accelerator typically operates at a peak power of:

A. 0.5 MW
B. 1.0 MW
C. 2.0 MW
D. 2.5 MW
E. 3.0 MW

A

C. 2.0 MW

24
Q

Typical Klystron used in high energy linear accelerators (10-25 MeV) operates at a peak power of:

A. 1.0 MW
B. 2.0 MW
C. 3.0 MW
D. 5.0 MW
E. 10.0 MW

A

D. 5.0 MW

25
Q

In a linear accelerator, the flattening filter is used to:

A. Flatten the front end of the accelerator head
B. Make the beam intensity uniform
C. Produce electron beams
D. Filter the neutrons from the beam

A

B. Make the beam intensity uniform

26
Q

The flattening filter typically is made of:

A. Low Z material
B. Lead or tungsten
C. Inert materials
D. Zinc or copper

A

B. Lead or tungsten

27
Q

Which of the following does not accelerate electrons:

A. Microtron
B. Betatron
C. Cyclotron
D. X-ray tube
E. Van de Graaf generator

A

C. Cyclotron

Physics (11 decks)

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