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Medical Terminology Final > ch 4 > Flashcards

ch 4 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

the ___ produces blood cells and stores minerals

A

skeleton

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2
Q

ankyl/o

A

stiff joint

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3
Q

arthr/o, articul/o

A

joint

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4
Q

burs/o

A

sac

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5
Q

cost/o

A

rib

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6
Q

femor/o

A

femur

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7
Q

kyph/o

A

hump

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8
Q

lord/o

A

bent backward

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9
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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10
Q

ped/o

A

child/foot

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11
Q

pod/o

A

foot

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12
Q

prosthet/o

A

addition

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13
Q

spondyl/o

A

vetebrae

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14
Q

-clasia

A

to surgically break

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15
Q

-desis

A

to fuse

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16
Q

-listhesis

A

slipping

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17
Q

-porosis

A

porous

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18
Q

dis-

A

apart

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19
Q

bone marrow is the site of ___ ___ production

A

blood cell

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20
Q

Joint

A

where 2 bones meet; held together by ligaments

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21
Q

osseous tissue

A

bones

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22
Q

ossification

A

process in which bones are created

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23
Q

___ bones are longer than they are wide (ex femur and humerous)

A

long

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24
Q

____ bones are roughly as long as they are wide

A

short (carpals and tarsals)

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25
Q

The sternum, scapula, and pelvis are ___ bones

A

flat

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26
Q

Vertebrae are ____ bones

A

irregular

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27
Q

Long bone structure that widens at each end

A

epiphysis

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28
Q

central shaft of he long bone is known as

A

diaphysis

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29
Q

Each epiphysis at the end of a bone is covered by blank

A

articular cartilage

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30
Q

the remaining surface of each bone is covered by ____, a thin connective tissue membrane that contains numerous blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels.

A

periosteum

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31
Q

The dense and hard exterior surface of a bone is called

A

cortical or compact bone

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32
Q

_____ or spongy bone is found inside the bone

A

cancellous

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33
Q

The holes in cancellous/spongy bone contain

A

red bone marrow

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34
Q

the center of the diaphysis (bone shaft) contains an open canal called

A

medullary cavity

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35
Q

The medullary cavity produces ____ ___ ___ early in life and ___ ___ ___ later in life

A

red and yellow bone marrow

36
Q

yellow bone marrow is made of

A

fat cells

37
Q

general term for any bony projection is:

A

a process

38
Q

Condyle

A

smooth rounded portion at the end of a bone

39
Q

epicondyle

A

production located above or on a condyle

40
Q

trochanter

A

large rough process for the attachment of a muscle

41
Q

tubercle

A

small, rough process that provides the attachment for tendons and muscles

42
Q

tuberosity

A

large, rough process that provides attachment for tendons and muscles

43
Q

_____ is a hollow cavity within a bone

A

sinus

44
Q

foramen

A

smooth, round opening for nerves and blood vessels

45
Q

____ is a shallow cavity or depression on the surface of a bone

A

fossa

46
Q

Fissure

A

a slit-type opening

47
Q

the ____ skeleton includes the bones of the head, neck, spine, chest, and trunk of the body

A

axial

48
Q

Cranial bones

A

frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bone

49
Q

Facial bones

A

lacrimal, nasal, maxilla, mandible, zygomatic, vomer, and palatine bone

50
Q

Location of lacrimal bones

A

corner of eyes

51
Q

maxilla bone location

A

upper jaw

52
Q

zygomatic bones are also known as

A

cheek bones

53
Q

Bones of the vertebral/spinal column from top to bottom

A

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx

54
Q

Appendicular skeleton consists of

A

pectoral girdle, upper extremities, pelvic girdle, and lower extremities

55
Q

bones and muscles of the appendicular skeleton are responsible for

A

body movement

56
Q

Pectoral girdle bones

A

scapula and clavicle

57
Q

upper extremity bones from top to bottom

A

humerus, radius, ulna, carpus, metacarpus, phalanges

58
Q

Bone/s of the pelvic girdles

A

ilium, ischium, and pubis

59
Q

Lower extremity bones

A

femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsus, metatarsus, phalanges

60
Q

Synovial Joints (ex: ball and socket joints of hips/shoulders)

A

freely moving joints enclosed by an elastic joint capsule

61
Q

the joint capsule is lined with

A

synovial membrane, which secrete synovial fluid that lubricates joints

62
Q

bursa

A

commonly found between bones, ligaments, or tendons and work to reduce friction (elbow, knee, and shoulder joints)

63
Q

Fibrous joints

A

no movement b/c ends of bones are joined by thick fibrous tissue

64
Q

Cartilaginous Joints

A

allow for slight movement but hold bones firmly in place by a solid piece of cartilage

65
Q

extens/o

A

to stretch out

66
Q

fasci/o

A

fibrous band

67
Q

flex/o

A

to bend

68
Q

habilitat/o

A

ability

69
Q

kinesi/o

A

movement

70
Q

my/o

A

muscle

71
Q

myos/o

A

muscle

72
Q

plant/o

A

sole of foot

73
Q

rotat/o

A

to revolve

74
Q

vers/o

A

to turn

75
Q

-phoresis

A

carrying

76
Q

ab-

A

away from

77
Q

ad-

A

toward

78
Q

circum-

A

around

79
Q

Visceral Muscle

A

smooth muscle, no striations, contracts slowly, involuntary control

80
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

Striated muscle, contracts rapidly, voluntarily controlled

81
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Striated muscle, contracts rapidly, involuntary control

82
Q

Myocardium

A

cardiac muscle

83
Q

abduction

A

movement away from midline of body

84
Q

adduction

A

movement toward midline of body

85
Q

flexion

A

act of bending or being bent

Medical Terminology Final (4 decks)

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