Ch. 38 - Metals

Question 1

Who designed the crystal palace in London? And what is it known for?

Answer 1

Joseph Paxton

Using prefabricated iron parts and plate glass

Question 2

What is smelting?

Answer 2

The process of refining the ores to extract pure metals.

Question 3

When was the cast iron age?

Answer 3

1850 - late 1880s

Question 4

What was the first building considered to be a skyscraper? Who was it by? And when?

Answer 4

A 10 story home insurance building in Chicago by William Le Baron Jenney in 1885.

Question 5

What is annealing?

Answer 5

The process of metal being reheated and slowly cooled to obtain a more ductile metal.

Question 6

Heating metal to a certain temperature and then rapidly cooling it by submersion in water or other liquid is?

Answer 6

Quenching. It strengthens steel.

Question 7

What are the three general types of metal finishes?

Answer 7

Mechanical finishes, Chemical finishes, and Coatings

Question 8

Gage sizing is roughly based on _______.

Answer 8

The weight of a square foot of material.

Question 9

What is galvanic action?

Answer 9

The corrosion resulting when dissimilar metals come in contact with each other in the presence of moisture.

Question 10

What are the two major classifications of metals and what is the difference?

Answer 10

Ferrous and Non-Ferrous

Ferrous metals contain iron and nonferrous don’t.

Question 11

Wrought iron has a very _____ carbon content.

Answer 11

Low- making it soft, ductile, and resistant to corrosion.

Question 12

Cast Iron has a very _____ carbon content.

Answer 12

High- making is very hard, but brittle.

Question 13

What are some of the advantages of steel?

Answer 13

High strength, ductility, uniformity of manufacture, variety of shapes and sizes, ease and speed of construction

Question 14

What are some disadvantages of steel?

Answer 14

Reduction in strength when subjected to fire and its tendency to corrode in the presence of moisture.

Question 15

How much carbon does standard structural steel contain?

Answer 15

.20% - .50%

Question 16

What is the most common type of steel for structural use?

Answer 16

ASTM A36

Question 17

What are the primary types of ferrous metals used in construction?

Answer 17

Iron, Steel, Stainless Steel, and other special steel alloys.

Question 18

What are the primary types of nonferrous metals used in construction?

Answer 18

Aluminum, Copper, and Copper Alloys (Brass & Bronze)

Question 19

One of the primary disadvantages of ______(type of metal) is the amount of energy required for its refining and manufacture?

Answer 19

Aluminum

Question 20

What is a Ferrous Alloy?

Answer 20

An alloy that contains iron

Question 21

What is the Bessemer process?

Answer 21

The procedure where carbon and silicon are removed from iron to make steel

Question 22

What is Galvanic action?

Answer 22

Also know as electrolysis, is where metals in the presence of moisture exchange ions with one another, causing corrosion.

Question 23

What are cathodes?

Answer 23

Metals that are less prone to corrosion

Question 24

what are anodes?

Answer 24

Metals that are more prone to corrosion

Question 25

What is the scale of metals from Cathode to Anode?

Answer 25

Platinum (Cathode)
Gold
Silver
Titanium
Stainless Steel
Brass
Tungsten
Chrome
Nickel
Copper
Cast Iron
Steel
Lead
Tin
Aluminium
Cadmium
Galvanized Steel
Zinc 
Magnesium (Anode) Ions move Upward

Question 26

What is a Castellated Beam, and in what application would it be used?

Answer 26

A wide flange beam that is produced by cutting the web of the beam in a zig zag pattern and then welding the beam back together. This increases the load carrying capacity of the W beam

Question 27

What is the connector used to connect two wide flange columns to each other?

Answer 27

Splice plate

Question 28

Which is more economical for floor plate construction on a 50 story tower when combined with W frame columns, flying forms or concrete poured over metal deck?

Answer 28

Flying forms