Ch 32

Question 1

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 1

Law of conservation of energy

Question 2

What is an isolated system?

Answer 2

No exchange of energy or matter with surroundings

Question 3

What is a closed system?

Answer 3

Only energy exchanged with surroundings

Question 4

What is an open system?

Answer 4

Both matter and energy are exchanged with surroundings

Question 5

What are examples of state functions?

Answer 5

• T
• P
• V
• Enthalpy (H)
• Entropy (S)
• Free Energy (G)

Question 6

Internal energy can be defined as the sum of:

Answer 6

• ∆E system + ∆E surroundings

- heat (q) + work (W)

Question 7

Heat absorbed or released can be calculated via which equation

Answer 7

q = mc∆t

Question 8

Isobaric processes occur in

Answer 8

Systems at constant pressure

Question 9

Isochoric processes occur at

Answer 9

Constant volume

Question 10

Isothermal processes occur when

Answer 10

Systems do not change temperature

Question 11

Adiabatic processes occur when

Answer 11

There is no heat exchanged between systems and their surroundings

Question 12

What is bond dissociation energy?

Answer 12

The energy needed to break a specific chemical bond in one mole of gaseous molecules

Question 13

Bond breaking is always what kind of process?

Answer 13

Endothermic

Question 14

What is the Gibbs Free Energy equation?

Answer 14

∆G = ∆H - T∆S

Question 15

What happens when ∆H and ∆S are both negative?

Answer 15

Spontaneous at low temperatures

Question 16

What happens when ∆H and ∆S are both positive?

Answer 16

Spontaneous at high temperatures

Question 17

What happens when ∆H is negative and ∆S is positive?

Answer 17

Spontaneous at all temperatures

Question 18

What happens when ∆H is positive and ∆S is negative?

Answer 18

Nonspontaneous at all temperatures