Ch 25 II Flashcards
Because metals have valence electrons that move freely, metals are also
Good conductors of heat and electricity
Nonmetals are generally
Brittle and show little to now metallic luster
List properties of nonmetals:
- High ionization energies
- High electronegativities
- Poor conductors
- Able to gain electrons easily
Metalloids / semimetals have properties that
Fluctuate widely
How are the electronegativities and ionization energies of metalloids of semimetals?
They lie between metals and nonmetals
Acid-base reactions and redox reactions occur in
Ionic solutions
The hydride ion is far too reactive to
Exist in water
What has the largest atomic radii of all the elements in their respective periods
Alkali metals
Alkali metals have metallic properties and high reactivity are due to
Low ionization energies
Alkaline earth metals have both
Low electronegativities and positive electron affinities
Carbon does not form ions. Rather, it participates in
Electron sharing
Group VA forms covalent bonds with how many per atom?
Three
Group VIA is fairly
Electronegative
Halogens are highly reactive nonmetals that form which anion
-1
The electronegativities of halogens are
Very high
Halogens are reactive towards
Alkali metals and Alkaline earths
Noble gases have what kind of boiling points?
Low
Transition metals are hard elements with
High melting points and boiling points
Transition metals are held loosely by the nucleus and are mobile, contributing to
Malleability and high conductivity
What kind of ionization energies do transition elements have?
Low
Elements in a given period have
The same principle quantum number
Arrange the following in terms of increasing atomic radius:
Sr, P, Mg2+, Mg
Sr > Mg > P > Mg2+
What is the electron configuration for the outermost electrons of elements in Group IVB?
Group IV = 4 electrons lie outside of noble gas configuration
B = Nonrepresentative, aka s and d
So, s2 d2
The order of the elements in the periodic table is based on
Atomic number
Elements within each column of the periodic table have
Similar valence electron configurations
List properties of nonmetals:
- Brittle
- Poor conductors of heat and electricity
- Matte
- High ionization energies and electronegativities
Why are Group 0 elements so unreactive?
They contain complete octets and are stable on their own
Which group contains an element with the configuration of:
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 4d5 5s2?
Since d and s: nonrep aka group B
5 + 2 = 7 electrons
Group VIIB
Which element has the greatest electronegativity?
Fluorine
The change in energy that occurs when an electron is added to an atom is known as
Electron affinity
Describe metalloids:
- Properties lie between nonmetals and metals
Transition metal compounds exhibit bright colors due to
Electrons in the partially d orbitals are easily promoted to excited states
Describe metals:
- metallic
- malleable
- high melting point and densities
