Ch. 31: Psychiatric Disorders Diagnosed in Children and Adolescents Flashcards
What is Brief Psychotic Disorder? Diagnostic criteria same as adult
Symptoms of psychosis dissipate within 1 month. Pharmacologic intervention: Antipsychotics (Side effects: antihistamine & anticholinergic)
What is separation anxiety disorder?
separation anxiety disorder is excessive anxiety on separation from home or major attachment figure (Before age 18)
*Childhood equivalent of panic disorder in adults
First line psychopharmacologic Interventions for Separation Anxiety Disorder?
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
What is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?
Intrusive thoughts that are difficult to dislodge/ritualized behaviours that the child feels driven to perform to prevent or reduce anxiety.
What are most common obsessions in children?
- Fears of contamination
- Worries about personal & family safety
- Most common compulsions are: excessive washing, cleaning & checking actions (locking door)
First line medications for OCD?
SSRIs (fluoxetine, sertraline, and fluvoxamine)
What is Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder?
Children who demonstrate a chronically irritable temperament.
Symptoms: severe mood dysregulation, irritability (two components)
1. temper outbursts that are developmentally inappropriate, frequent, and extreme.
2. Negatively valenced mood (anger or sadness) between outbursts
What is Reactive Attachment Disorder?
Children with out secure attachment will struggle with relationships through out their lives. Behaviours include lack of social or cultural boundaries and overfamiliarity with strangers.
Most effective treatment for PTSD?
Cognitive behavioural therapy
What is Gender dysphoria?
Previously known as gender identity disorder
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?
A marked impairment of development in social interaction and communication with a restrictive repertoire of activity & interest.
Common features categorized as stereotypic behaviour include: repetitive rocking, hand flapping, extraordinary insistence on sameness.
What are psychopharmacological interventions for ASD?
No meds effective at changing social & language deficits of autism.
Antipsychotics can reduce the frequency & intensity of behavioural disturbances (hyperactivity, aggression)
Atypical: risperiodone, olanzapine, quetiapine
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (selective- fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine & non-selective - clomipramine)
What does milieu management consist of for a child with ASD?
Consistent
Structured Environment
with predictable routines for activities, mealtimes and bedtimes
What are learning disorders?
Difficulties in learning & using academic skills.
Verbal - reading, comprehension, spelling
Non-verbal - difficulty mastering number facts, calculation, mathematics (dyscalculia)
What is Oppositional Defiant Disorder?
pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative defiant behaviour, and/or vindictiveness must have occurred for at least 6 months (may progress to BPD in adults) -not aggressive toward people or animal -resentful of others -blame others for their own mistake
