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BIOL 1202 > Ch. 30 > Flashcards

Ch. 30 Flashcards

1
Q

Seed plants that have evolved cones (male and female) to carry their reproductive structures;
“naked seed”

EX. pine trees

A

gymnosperms

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2
Q

Has vascular system (i.e. roots, xylem, phloem)

EX. coniferophyta, cyacadophyta, gingkophyta, gnetophyta

A

gymnosperms

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3
Q

Major distinguishing factor b/w gymnosperms and angiosperms

A

naked seed

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4
Q

___ and ___ on gymnosperms develop on the scaled of cones rather than in enclosed chambers called ovaries

A

ovules; seeds

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5
Q

Dominant plant of gymnosperms, having needle-like leaves and living in areas where weather is cold and dry

A

conifers

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6
Q

Live in warm climates, have large compound leaves, and are unusual b/c they are pollinated by beetles rather than wind

A

cycads

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7
Q

Only remaining species of the Gingkophyta; usually resistant to pollution

A

Gingko biloba

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8
Q

Gymnosperms believed to be most closely related to angiosperms b/c of the presence of vessel elements within their stems

A

gnetophytes

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9
Q

Flowering plants–> classified based on characteristics that include cotyledon structure, pollen grains, flower and vascular tissue arrangement

EX. dicot

A

angiosperms

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10
Q

Flowering plants divided into ___ and ___

A

monocot; eudicot (dicot)

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11
Q

Flower is there to help the __ get fertilized

A

eggs

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12
Q

Ovary matures into a __

A

fruit

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13
Q

Fruit is an ___ that plants have to use animals to disperse their seeds

A

adaptation

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14
Q

A dicot is a ___

A

angiosperm

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15
Q

Is sperm or eggs bigger?

A

eggs

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16
Q

Microsporangium makes ___

A

sperm

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17
Q

Macrosporangium makes ___

A

gametes

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18
Q

Microspore ___

A

divides

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19
Q

Generative cell divides and makes __ sperm

A

2

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20
Q

In angiosperm life cycle, two sperm are made because one sperm the ___ which is a diploid zygote

A

egg

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21
Q

The other sperm in the angiosperm life cycle fertilizes the ___ cell making it triploid

A

central

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22
Q

The second sperm produces the ___ which is a food source for developing embryo

A

endosperm

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23
Q

The tube cell ___ interspecies fertilization

A

reduces

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24
Q

Tube cell is ___ specific

A

species

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25
Q

the human body produces ___ cells which are pairs of homologous chromosomes

A

diploid

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26
Q

____ produces 2 diploid daughter cells

A

mitosis

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27
Q

___ produces 4 daughter nuclei (1 member of each homologous pair, which is haploid

A

meiosis

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28
Q

eggs and sperm are ___

A

gametes

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29
Q

Gametes are produced from ___

A

mitosis

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30
Q

diploid to haploid (i.e. spores)

A

meiosis

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31
Q

haploid to diploid (i.e. humans)

A

fertilization

32
Q

Plants are ___ cells (i.e. spores)

A

haploid

33
Q

___ cell that produces spores is sporophyte

A

diploid

34
Q

Sexually reproducing animals and plants use meiosis which produces ___ cells

A

haploid

35
Q

Egg, spores, and gametophyte are ___ structures

A

haploid

36
Q

Mosses ___ are the dominant stage

A

gametophyte

37
Q

Ferns ___ is the dominant stage

A

sporophyte

38
Q

green algae most closely related to land plants

A

charophyceans

39
Q

Flowering plants that are most closely related to gymnosperms

A

angiosperms

40
Q

Dominated during dinosaur era

A

gymnosperms

41
Q

Ferns are what kind of plants?

A

seedless vascular

42
Q

Most similar to first plants to bear gametangia

A

bryophytes

43
Q

most common seed plants

A

flowers

44
Q

algae and seed plant commodities are ___ and ___

A

cells walls; chloroplasts

45
Q

Most important in enabling first plants to move into land is the development of ___ to prevent desiccation of spores

A

sporopollenin

46
Q

Alternation of multicellular generations are __ in plants’ closest relatives

A

absent

47
Q

in the life cycle of plants, ___ is dependent on its ___ parent

A

sporophyte; gametophyte

48
Q

The body of most fungi is ___ (threadlike), which form network ___

A

hyphae; mycelium

49
Q

Heterotrophic; absorbs nutrients

A

fungi

50
Q

autotrophic; photosynthetic

A

plants

51
Q

helps plants take up nutrients and water

A

mycorrhizae

52
Q

close relative of fungi

A

animals

53
Q

What is so different in the offspring in sexual reproduction as opposed to asexual?

A

sexually reproduced offspring is more adaptable to changes in environment

54
Q

fusion of 2 gametes to form diploid zygote

A

fertilization

55
Q

multicellular haploid form of protist that shows alternation of generations

A

gametophyte

56
Q

mediates attachment of spores to surface on which to grow

A

holdfast

57
Q

___ cells are produced by meiosis of diploid cells

A

haploid

58
Q

gametophytes produce cells that undergo mitosis to produce gametes that fuse to form zygote

A

haploid to diploid

59
Q

Most fungi are ___, and they produce ___ spores

A

decomposers; haploid

60
Q

Fungi release their digestive enzymes into their ___

A

surroundings

61
Q

produces diploid zygote

A

karyogamy

62
Q

fusion of hyphae

A

plasmogamy

63
Q

2 haploid nuclei are produced in the ___ stage of fungal cycle

A

heterokaryotic

64
Q

Cup fungi is ___

A

ascomycota

65
Q

___ are involved in asexual reproduction in fungi

A

condiophores

66
Q

Plants depend on ___ as mutualistic symbionts

A

fungi

67
Q

Plants are harmed by fungal ___

A

pathogens

68
Q

Stage in fungi that generate genetic variation

A

transient diploid state

69
Q

Diploid generation of plant life cycle always produces ___

A

spores

70
Q

fertilized egg develops into sporophyte in ___ plants

A

seedless

71
Q

Gametes are produced by mitosis

A

mosses and ferns

72
Q

diploid sporophyte develops from ___ that was produced when haploid sperm fertilized haploid egg

A

zygote

73
Q

conspicuous part of fern

A

diploid sporophyte

74
Q

___ antheridia produce sperm

A

moss

75
Q

sperm produced by mosses require ___ to reach archegonium

A

moisture

BIOL 1202 (5 decks)

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