Ch 3 vocab Flashcards
proximal cause
causes that have a direct and immediate relationship with their effect.
distal cause
initial differences that lead to effects over long periods of time, often indirectly.
evoked culture
idea that all people, regardless of where they are from, have a biologically based repertoire of behaviors that are accessible to them, and these behaviors are engaged for appropriate situations.
transmitted culture
idea that people come to certain cultural practices through social learning or by modeling the behavior of other who live near them.
Natural selection
the evolutionary process that occurs when three conditions are present: individual members of a species vary on certain traits, those varying traits are associated with different survival or reproductive rates, and those traits have a hereditary basis. This process determines which genetic variants will become more common across generations.
dynamic social impact theory
idea that individuals influence each other through interacting, ultimately leading to clusters of like-minded people who are separated by geography
Contemporary legends
(urban legends) fictional stories told in modern society as though they were true.
minimally counterintuitive ideas
statements that are surprising and unusual in the sense that they violate our expectations but are not too outlandish.
individualistic cultures
a variety of customs and practices that encourage individuals to place their own personal goals ahead of those of the collective, and to consider how they are distinct from others. (Triandis, 1989a)
collectivistic cultures
include many practices, institutions and customs that encourage individuals to place relatively more emphasis on collective goals-specifically the goals of one’s ingroup.
Pluralistic ignorance
tendency of people to collectively misinterpret the thoughts that underlie the behavior of others.
