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Building Construction > Ch 3 - Structural Design Features Of Buildings > Flashcards

Ch 3 - Structural Design Features Of Buildings Flashcards

1
Q

Bending moment

A

A reaction within a structural component that opposes a vertical load. Exceeding causes failure

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2
Q

Forces on a building

A

Gravity
Vibration (wind, building systems, vehicular traffic)
Temperature
Shrinkage

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3
Q

Stresses on a building (internal)

A

Tension
Compression
Shear

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4
Q

Tension (tensile stress)

A

Pulls material apart

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5
Q

Compression

A

Squeezes the material

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6
Q

Shear

A

Slides one plane of material past and adjacent plane

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7
Q

Stresses from external loads

A

Axial (load applied to center and perpendicular to cross member)
Eccentric (perpendicular to cross member but not in center)
Torsion (off-center and at an angle to or in the same plane as cross member)

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8
Q

Factor of safety

A

Ratio of the failure point to the maximum designed stress

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9
Q

Dead load

A

Weight of structure, structural members, and building components that are permanently fixed to the building

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10
Q

Live load

A

People, weather, and other non permanent items

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11
Q

Static load

A

Steady, motionless, constant

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12
Q

Dynamic load

A

Involve motion and are capable of delivering energy in excess of the object’s weight

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13
Q

Dewatering

A

Removing water from a building or roof

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14
Q

Water static load

A

3 inches water adds 21 pounds per sqft

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15
Q

Seismic load types

A

Lateral
Torsional
Resonant

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16
Q

Seismic activity accommodations in construction

A

Expansion joints
Damping mechanisms to absorb resonant energy
Base isolation - isolates rest of building from horizontal movements

17
Q

Soils pressure load

A

Soil exerts a lateral pressure on the foundation

18
Q

Structural accommodations for loads

A

Beams
Arches
Columns
Cables
Trusses
Space frames

19
Q

Simply supported beam

A

Supported beneath both ends, free to rotate

20
Q

Restrained beams

A

Rigidly supported at each end. Better fire resistance than simply

21
Q

Cantilever beams

A

Supported at one end (balconies)

22
Q

Overhanging beams

A

Similar to cantilever with additional support

23
Q

Continuous beams

A

May span several vertical supports

24
Q

Type of load supported by columns

A

Axial

25
Q

Stresses in an arch

A

Compression and tension

26
Q

Space frame

A

Three dimensional truss

Building Construction (12 decks)

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