ch 3 regulating internal functions

Question 1

endocrine system

Answer 1

uses bloodstream, rather than neurons to send chemical messages

Question 2

hormones

Answer 2

chemicals released into the body by endocrine glands. they have widespread and long lasting effects by affecting the firing rate of neurons

Question 3

pituitary gland

Answer 3

master gland in the body that controls the release of hormones in response to signals from the hypothalamus

Question 4

adrenal glands

Answer 4

fight or flight response, release norepinephrine and epinephrine

Question 5

pancreas

Answer 5

regulates blood sugar and produces insulin

Question 6

thyroid

Answer 6

regulates metabolism

Question 7

testes/ovaries

Answer 7

regulate sex drive, release testosterone or estrogen

Question 8

cells have how many chromosomes

Answer 8

46

Question 9

genes

Answer 9

segments of chromosomes that contain instructions for influencing and creating hereditary characteristics

Question 10

genotype

Answer 10

actual genetic info inherited from parents

Question 11

phenotype

Answer 11

observable characteristics, controlled by genotype but also influenced by environment

Question 12

adaptation

Answer 12

a trait that has been selected for by nature because it increases the reproductive fitness of an organism

Question 13

mutation

Answer 13

spontaneous change in genetic material that occurs during the gene replication process

Question 14

family studies

Answer 14

study the history of biological relatives to discover the role heredity plays in physical/psychological traits

Question 15

twin studies

Answer 15

compare identical twins (who share same DNA) and fraternal twins to determine role environment plays in psychological traits