Ch. 3: Identifying & Operationalizing Research Topics Flashcards

1
Q

research questions

A

key elements in developing a topic area, and in

essence are questions that explore the relations among or between constructs

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2
Q

research hypothesis

A

states the expected relationship between

constructs

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3
Q

descriptive questions

A

ask what some phenomena or events are like

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4
Q

difference questions

A

ask if there are differences between groups of people, or even within individual participants (the key component being comparison)

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5
Q

relationship questions

A

explore the degree to which two or more con-

structs are related or vary together (typically uses correlation stats or regression analyses)

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6
Q

operational definition

A

define the constructs involved in a particular study, provides a working definition of the phenomenon, allows the researcher to move from general ideas and constructs to more specific and measurable events

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7
Q

uniformity myth

A

the assumption that treatments are a standard set of techniques, applied in a consistent
manner, by a standard therapist, to a homogeneous group of clients

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8
Q

MAXMINCON principle (Kerlinger)

A

an attempt to maximize the variance of the variable or variables pertaining to the research questions, minimize the error variance of random variables, and control the variance of extraneous or unwanted variables that might affect or bias the variables in question

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9
Q

internal validity

A

an experimental control allows researchers to make more inferences about causal relationships between variables

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10
Q

external validity

A

generalizability of the results to applied settings

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11
Q

experimental field studies

A

studies characterized by investigations that manipulate independent variables and are conducted in a real-life setting; attempts to examine causality through random assignment of treatments and control of independent variables

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12
Q

experimental laboratory studies

A

studies are characterized by manipulation of independent variables and are conducted in a laboratory setting

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13
Q

descriptive field studies

A

studies characterized by investigations that do not exercise experimental controls
(randomization, manipulation of variables) and are conducted in a real-life
setting

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14
Q

descriptive laboratory studies

A

studies characterized by investigations that do not exercise experimental controls (such as randomization or manipulation of independent variables) and that are conducted in a laboratory setting of some kind

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15
Q

experimental controls

A

a key component of internal validity; examples include manipulations of variables and randomization

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16
Q

Bubble Hypothesis

A

the concept that every research design has flaws