Ch 3 Hematological Disorders Flashcards
small RBC are always…
pale RBC/hypochromic
if MCV, MCHC, and RDW are within normal limits, what deficiencies are ruled out?
iron, vitamin B12, folate deficiencies
microcytic (MCV < 80), hypochromic ( low MCHC) anemia with elevated RDW
most common etiology? next step?
iron deficiency
plumbism (lead toxicity)
get ferritin levels to estimate iron stores
add lead testing in children if sus
microcytic (MCV < 80) hypochromic anemia
Normal RDW
High RBCs
most common etiology?
next step?
alpha thalassemia minor
*think AAA (Asians,, African)
Beta thalassemia minor
*think BAMME (Beta: African, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern ancestory)
get hemoglobin electrophoresis for evaluation of hemoglobin variants
normocytic, normochromic anemia with NL RDW
most common etiology?
- anemia of chronic disease
- chronic kidney disease (CKD)
- acute blood loss
remember, anemia has low __ and low ___
hematocrit (<36%) and hemoglobin (<12)
macrocytic (high MCV), normochromic (MCHC), high RDW anemia
most common etiologies?
next step?
vitamin B12 deficiency, esp pernicious anemia
folate deficiency anemia
get serum vitamin b12 and RBC folate levels
drug induced macrocytosis, usually WITHOUT anemia
only high is MCV
most common etiology?
Alcohol (excess) >5/day male, >3/day female
anti-epileptic drugs:(carbamazepine/Tegretol, phenytoin (Dilantin), methotrexate)