Ch 3 Health & Wellness Flashcards
Which definition best describes the concept of health?
State of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
According to the World Health Organization, health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Which components are associated with the wellness paradigm?
Thrive Maintain & Improve Health Holistic Preventative Individual Responsibility Integrated into Life
Which components are associated with the medical paradigm?
Feel Better Treat & Cure Illness Corrective Episodic Clinical Responsibility Compartmentalize
Organizations define their own health in terms of which aspects?
Goals and objectives:
An organization or business defines its own health in the context of its goals and objectives.
Three health models that assist in the exploration of the relationship among behaviors, health, and wellness include:
Holistic Health Model
Health Promotion Model
Health Belief Model
Holistic Health Model
The Holistic Health Model considers the whole person and how he or she interacts with his or her environment. It emphasizes the connection of mind, body, and spirit and reiterates that “the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.” This model promotes an integrative health care model, which advocates for the nurse to recognize that an individual’s choice powerfully affects his or her health.
Define CAM
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) modalities that propose natural healing remedies and the belief that the body has the ability to heal itself. These practices may include the use of art and guided imagery, therapeutic touch, music therapy, relaxation techniques, and reminiscence. Eastern holistic treatments such as acupuncture, yoga, and tai chi have been used for thousands of years as methods of illness management and health promotion and, more recently, in conjunction with modern medical therapies.
The 5 Domains of CAM
Whole medical systems: homeopathy and naturopathic medicine
Mind–body interventions: meditation, art, music, and dance therapy
Biologically based therapies: use of herbs, special diets, etc.
Manipulative and body-based methods: chiropractic treatments, osteopathy, and massage
Energy therapies: therapeutic touch
Health Promotion Model
The Health Promotion Model developed by Pender focuses on the concepts of health promotion and health protection. Health promotion efforts aim to increase well-being and optimal health. Health protection strives to prevent or stop illness before it impairs appropriate function of an individual’s body, mind, or spirit.
Health Promotion Model associated areas:
Individual characteristics and experiences
Behavior-specific cognitions and affect
Behavioral outcome
Health Belief Model
Developed by psychologists Hochbaum, Rosenstock, and Kegels (Rosenstock, 1974), the Health Belief Model explores how patients’ attitudes and beliefs predict health behaviors. This model attempts to discover possible reasons why an individual may not follow proposed health promotion and illness prevention behaviors.
Health Belief Model: Key factors that influence health behaviors include an individual’s:
Perceived threat of sickness or disease (perceived susceptibility)
Belief of consequence (perceived severity)
Potential positive benefits of action (perceived benefits)
Perceived barriers to action
Exposure to factors that prompt action (cues to action)
Confidence in ability to succeed (self-efficacy)
