Ch. 3 - Face and Senses

Question 1

What connects the eye and the central nervous system?

Answer 1

optic nerve (CN II)

Question 2

The orbit is ________ in shape.

Answer 2

pyramidal, tip of the pyramid being the eyeball

Question 3

Where is the apex of the orbit located?

Answer 3

junction of the superior and inferior orbital fissures

Question 4

The superior orbital fissure is a passage for which cranial nerves?

Answer 4

CN III, CN IV, CN V1, CN VI

Question 5

The sensory component of the eye that is stiuated at the back and connected directly to the optic nerve is called the _______.

Answer 5

retina

Question 6

What does the lens of the eye do?

Answer 6

acts as a refracting prism, focusing light rays onto the retina

Question 7

The anterior part of the outer layer of the eye is called the…

Answer 7

cornea

• transparent with a small radius
• focus penetrating light rays

Question 8

The rest of the eye is enveloped in the opaque _______.

Answer 8

sclera

Question 9

Which layer of the eye contains the blood supply and is the opening for the pupil?

Answer 9

middle layer - choroid

Question 10

What is the retina made up of?

Answer 10

nerve cells connected to the optic nerve

Question 11

What are the light sensitive cells of the retina called?

Answer 11

rods and cones

Question 12

What is the most sensitive area of the retina and directly in line with the cornea and lens?

Answer 12

fovea centralis

Question 13

Where do the nerve cells leave to join the optic nerve?

Answer 13

optic disc

Question 14

Which chamber of the eye contains the aqueous humor and the pupil?

Answer 14

anterior chamber

Question 15

Which chamber is posterior to the iris, contains aqueous humor and surrounds the lens?

Answer 15

posterior chamber

Question 16

Which chamber is behind the lens and is filled with gelatinous vitreous humor?

Answer 16

vitreous body

Question 17

Which muscles control the thickness of the lens?

Answer 17

ciliary muscles via the suspensory ligaments

Question 18

What do the dilator and sphincter pupillae control?

Answer 18

amount of light entering the pupil

Question 19

The ciliary muscles and sphincter pupillae are under parasympathetic nervous control by CN ____ via the ________.

Answer 19

CN III via ciliary ganglion

Question 20

How many extraocular muscles are there?

Answer 20

7 in total but 6 that control eye movement

Question 21

What does the levator palpebrae superioris do?

Answer 21

elevates the upper eye lid

Question 22

Where does the superior oblique originate?

Answer 22

from fibrous ring

-runs through trochlea and goes to back of the lateral part of the eyeball

Question 23

The inferior oblique originates…

Answer 23

near the middle of the floor of the orbit

-runs under the eye to insert on its lateral underside

Question 24

What does the somatic innervation from CN III supply?

Answer 24

all the orbital muscles except for the lateral rectus and superior oblique

Question 25

The sympathetic preganglionic acons of the eye leave the spinal cord at what level?

Answer 25

T1

Question 26

What is the name of the continuous membrane inside of the eyelids?

Answer 26

conjunctiva

Question 27

Where do tears enter?

Answer 27

conjunctival sacs

Question 28

The tears migrate medially into the ___________ via the lacrimal punctum

Answer 28

lacrimal duct

Question 29

What is the name of the muscular tube that hangs down from the base of the occipital bone in front of the cervical vertebrae?

Answer 29

pharynx

Question 30

What are the three regions of the pharynx

Answer 30

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

Question 31

How does the nasopharynx communicate with the middle ear?

Answer 31

tympanic (Eustachian) tube

Question 32

What connects the oropharynx and the mouth?

Answer 32

fauces

Question 33

What part of the pharynx extends from the hyoid bone to the esophagus?

Answer 33

laryngopharynx

Question 34

What protects the opening of the laryngopharynx?

Answer 34

epiglottis

Question 35

What are the tonsils responsible for?

Answer 35

protecting the GI tract from infection

Question 36

Where is the pharyngeal tonsil located?

Answer 36

posterior wall of the top of the pharynx (nasopharynx)

Question 37

What are the lingual tonsils?

Answer 37

small clusters of lymphoid tissue found on the posterior part of the tongue

Question 38

What are the two parts of the mouth?

Answer 38

vestibule & oral cavity

Question 39

Which part of the mouth is located between the lips and gums?

Answer 39

vestibule

Question 40

What are the four extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 40

genioglossus, hyoglussus, styloglossus, palatoglossus

Question 41

Which muscle pulls the tongue forward?

Answer 41

genioglossus

Question 42

Which muscle depresses the tongue laterally?

Answer 42

hyoglossus