Ch. 3, Areas of the Brain ; Term First

Question 1

Right Hemisphere

Answer 1

Prosody (tone of voice)
Perceptual grouping
Face perception

Question 2

Left Hemisphere

Answer 2

Speech
Language comprehension
Facial expression
Motion Detection

Question 3

Lizard Brain

Answer 3

Brain stem and cerebellum
Autopilot
Fight and Flight

Question 4

Mammal Brain

Answer 4

Limbic System
Emotions
Memories
Habits
Attachments

Question 5

Human Brain

Answer 5

Neo-Cortex
Language
Abstract thought
Imagination
Consciousness
Reasoning
Rationalizing

Question 6

The brain stem

Answer 6

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla
Reticular Formation

Question 7

Midbrain

Answer 7

Sound triggered reflexes
Visual tracking

Question 8

Pons

Answer 8

Controls breathing
Relays sensations such as hearing, taste, and balance to the cortex and subcortex
The bridge between cortex and cerebellum

Question 9

Medulla oblongata

Answer 9

controls autonomic functions such as heart rate and blood pressure
vital reflexes such as swallowing and coughing

Question 10

Reticular Formation

Answer 10

Arousal (and sleep)
Attention
Stimulation from caffeine is largely due to the effect it has on the reticular formation

Question 11

The cerebellum

Answer 11

Balance and coordination
Fine motor skills
Timing
It is estimated that the cerebellum has three to four times as many neurons as the cerebral cortex

Question 12

Limbic System

Answer 12

processes information about internal states and emotion
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Basal ganglia

Question 13

thalamus

Answer 13

Each half is like a walnut
Most sensory information is processed here before traveling to the cortex (hub for information to and from all the sensory systems, except for smell)
Regulates sensory inputs, such as relaying less info about the outside world during sleep

Question 14

hypothalamus

Answer 14

maintains internal states
The 4 Fs
Feeding
Fight or Flight
Fever (body temp)
Sexual activity
Connects the central nervous system and the endocrine system, regulating functions including hunger, reward seeking, and aggression

Question 15

amygdala

Answer 15

processes emotions of excitement and fear. Adds emotional significance to our senses, thoughts, and memories.
Damage makes it hard to:
Appreciate dangerous situations
Notice fear in others

Question 16

hippocampus

Answer 16

responsible for memory formation and is important for navigating the environment. Also allow you to remember emotionally important moments and envision your hopes/fears for the future.
Especially spatial
Might be first stop for new memories before they enter long-term storage in the cortex
Removed in HM due to epilepsy leading to the inability to form new memories

Question 17

basal ganglia

Answer 17

involved in movement and motor planning
Degeneration of the basal ganglia may be involved in Parkinson’s Disease and Tourette’s Syndrome

Question 18

corpus callosum

Answer 18

a bundle of fibers that lets the two hemispheres communicate.
Cutting the corpus callosum results in “split-brain” patients by Roger Sperry

Question 19

Frontal cortex (Frontal Lobe)

Answer 19

higher cognitive functions.
Prefrontal cortex
Broca’s area
Motor cortex

Question 20

Prefrontal cortex

Answer 20

Planning, judgment, problem-solving

Question 21

Broca’s area

Answer 21

Language production

Question 22

Motor cortex

Answer 22

Voluntary motor movements

Question 23

Parietal lobe

Answer 23

Supports the sense of touch and a map of your body’s skin surface.
Helps you pay attention to and locate objects.
Perception and sensation
Contains the primary sensory cortex
Damage can lead to hemispatial neglect

Question 24

Temporal lobe

Answer 24

It’s by your temples!
Recognizing objects and people
Memory
Hearing
Understanding language
Contains Wernike’s area (“word salad” if damaged)

Question 25

Occipital lobe

Answer 25

Vision

Question 26

Insular lobe

Answer 26

Lies beneath frontal and parietal
Allows us to perceive the inside of our bodies, permitting us to feel internal pain.
Involved in sensing internal states like taste, awareness of internal organs, maintaining homeostasis, diverse roles