ch 3,10,11,13,18 Flashcards
8 methods to get audiences attention
- Relate the topic to the audience
- State the importance of the topic
- startle the audience
- Arouse curiosity of the audience
- Ask a curiosity of the audience
- Ask a question
- Tell a story
- reffur to the occasion
The audience needs to perceive that the speaker is qualified to speak on the topic
Credibility
Good will
Speaker needs to establish that he or she has the audiences best interest in mind.
What does the body do?
- Tells audience what to listen for in rest of the speech
- Usually at the end of the introduction and creates transition to the body
- Gives opportunity to present special information
Three tips for preparing and introduction
- be brief
- Keep an eye out for introductory material as one researches
- Creatively devise the introduction
Two primary functions of conclusions
- Signals end of the speech
2. Reinforces the audiences understanding or commitment to the central idea
2 types of speech endings
- Crescendo ending- A conclusions where the speech builds zenith of power and intensity.
- Dissolve ending- A conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final step.
A preparation outline
detailed outline used to plan a speech
Body
How the 2-5 main points will be stated and supported
Eight guidelines for a preparation outline
- Include the speakers specific purpose statement
- Include the speakers central idea
- clearly label the introduction, body, and the conclusion
- Use a consistent pattern of symbolization
- State main points and subpoints in full sentences
- Should label transitions, internal summaries, and internal previews.
- include a bibliography
- Include a title
3 goals of speech introduction
- Build enthusiasm for upcoming speaker
- Generate interest in speakers topic
- Establishes a welcoming climate that will boost the speakers creditability
speech of presentation
- Should be brief
- Should explain why the recipient is receiving the award
- Point out the achievements in a meaningful manner to the audience.
Speech of Acceptance
- Thank the people who are bestowing the gift or award.
- Acknowledge the people who helped the recipient win the award
Commemorative Speech
- Pays tribute of a person, a group of people, an institution or an idea.
After dinner speech
A long and well established tradition developed in the early 19th century in England.
Physiological process that involves the vibration of sound waves on the ear drums and the firing of electrochemical impulses from the inner ear to the brain
Hearing
Mental process that involves paying close attention and making sense of what is heard
Listening
listening for pleasure
Appreciative listening
listening to provide emotional support for the speaker
empathic listening
focuses on understanding the speakers message
Comprehensive listening
Involves evaluating a message either to accept it or reject it
Critical listening
What are 4 causes of poor listening
- Not concentrating
- Jumping to conclusions
- listening to hard
- Focusing on delivery and personal appearance
6 ways to improve listening
- take listening seriously
- suspend judgement
- resist distraction
- Focus your listening
- Don’t be diverted by appearance delivery
- Develop note taking skills
A speech can be destroyed by __________ delivery.
Poor
A mediocre speech can be more_________ with a _______ delivery
effective, good
What are the 4 methods of delivery
Impromptu
Extemporaneous
Manuscript
Memorized
Impromptu
Given on the spur of the moment
Extemporaneous
Well prepared speech that is reduced to an outline usually on note cards
Manuscript
Written down and read word for word
Memorized
Repeated word for word
How soft or loudly one speaks
Volume
How high or low one speaks
Pitch
How quickly or slowly one speaks
Rate
A pause signals the end of thoughts and ideas
Effective pauses
Modulations in the rate, pitch,volume and timing of the speakers voice
Vocal variety
To say the word correctly as the dictionary would indicate that it should be pronounced
Pronunciation
to use crisp and distinct speech sounds
Articulation
Religion dialects
Dialect
