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physical science > Ch 27.1 > Flashcards

Ch 27.1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is Weathering

A

Weathering is a process that involves the physical or chemical breakdown of materials on earths surfaces

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2
Q

Do rocks weather at the same rate

A

No, they weather at different rate

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3
Q

What are the two main factors that determine how fast a rock will weather?

A
  1. Rock type

2. landscape

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4
Q

What are the two types of weathering

A
  1. Mechanical weathering

2. Chemical weathering

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5
Q

What type of change happens with mechanical weathering

A

physical changes

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6
Q

What type of change happens with chemical weathering

A

Composition and color changes

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7
Q

What are the 3 specific types of mechanical weathering?

A
  1. Frost wedging
  2. Biological activity
  3. Collisions
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8
Q

What causes frost wedging?

A

Occurs when water collects in the cracks of and then freezes

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9
Q

What is the cycle called during frost wedging?

A

Freeze-Thaw Cycles

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10
Q

What cause biological activity

A

Plant and animal activity

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11
Q

What causes weathering during collisions?

A

When rocks fall from a cliff or tumble through turbulent rivers

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12
Q

what are the 2 types of chemical weathering

A
  1. Oxygen

2. Water

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13
Q

What are chemical changes due to oxygen

A

Oxidation

and rust

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14
Q

What are chemical changes due to water

A

The process chemical reaction is called hydrolysis

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15
Q

What is soil?

A

Is a mixture of weathered rock, organic matter, water, and air that is capable of supporting life.

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16
Q

What is a parent material

A

Is where soil forms from

17
Q

What are soil horizons

A

They are the different layers of soil

18
Q

How many soil horizons are there

A

there can be up to 6

19
Q

True or False. All soils contain every soil horizon

A

False

20
Q

What are the specific soil horizon?

A 
Letters
O
A
E
B
C
R
21
Q

What does the first soil horizon contain?

A

O. Organic material

22
Q

What is the second soil horizon mostly made up of?

A

M. Minerals

23
Q

Which layer does leaching occur?

A

E. Finer sediment, lets more soluble materials go deeper, known as leaching

24
Q

Which horizon collects materials from previous horizons?

A

B. Collects materials from above

25
Q

Which layer is partially weathered bedrock?

A

C. Partially weathered bedrock

26
Q

Which layer is unweathered bedrock?

A

R. UnWearthered bedrock

27
Q

Which soil horizons make up the topsoil

A

O and A

28
Q

Which soil horizons make up the subsoil?

A

E and B

29
Q

Which Horizon makes up the true soil

A

O, A, E, and B

physical science (17 decks)

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