Ch. 27 Fatty Acid Degradation

Question 1

Where does triacylglycerol breakdown take place?

Answer 1

Cytoplasm of fat cells

Question 2

What are the three steps of triacylglycerol breakdown?

Answer 2

ATGL converts TAG to DAG
Hormone sensitive converts DAG to MAG
MAG lipase converts MAG to fatty acid + glycerol

Question 3

Where does sctivation of fatty acids occur?

Answer 3

Occurs upon entering cytoplasm of target cell

Question 4

Where does beta-oxidation occur?

Answer 4

Mitochondria

Question 5

What are the 4 steps of beta-oxidation?

Answer 5

Oxidation of b-carbon to trans-2-enoyl CoA and FADH2
Hydration of trans to L-3-hydroxyacyl CoA
Oxidation of L-3 to 3-ketoacyl CoA and NADH
Cleavage of 3-keto to Acetyl CoA and fatty acid chain 2 carbons shorter

Question 6

What type of fatty acids must be degraded differently?

Answer 6

Unsaturated fatty acids

Question 7

What do odd-numbered carbon double bonded fatty acids require for degradation?

Answer 7

Isomerase

Question 8

What do even-numbered carbon double bonded fatty acids require for degradation?

Answer 8

Isomerase
Reductase

Question 9

What is the stoichiometry of oxidation?

Answer 9

Cn-acyl CoA + FAD + NAD+ + H2O + CoA > Cn-2-acyl CoA + FADH2 + NADH + Acetyl CoA + H+

Question 10

What is the complete oxidation of palmitate?

Answer 10

Palmitoyl CoA + 7 FAD + 7NAD+ + 7CoA + 7H2O > 8Acetyl CoA + 7NADH + 7FADH2 + 7H+

Question 11

What is not generated by degradation of monounsaturated fatty acids?

Answer 11

FADH2

Question 12

What does beta oxidation of fatty acids with odd number of carbons yield?

Answer 12

Propionyl CoA in the last thiolysis reaction

Question 13

How many ATP does palmitate yield?

Answer 13

106
8 ATP (-2 ATP to unlink from CoA)
31 NADH (77.5 ATP)
15 FADH2 (22.5 ATP)