Ch 27 Flashcards
The fetal heart and chest
The accumulation of fluid around the lungs is termed:
Pleural effusion
All of the following are sonographic features of pentalogy of Cantreell except:
- Omphalocele
- Gastroschisis
- Cleft sternum
- Diaphragmatic defect
Gastroschisis
All of the following are sonographic signs of Ebstein anomaly except:
- Enlarged rt atrium
- Fetal hydrops
- Narrowing of the aortic arch
- Malpositioned triscupid valve
Narrowing of the aortic arch
Blood is shunted into the inferior vena cava from the umbilical vein by what structure?
Ductus venosus
A co-existing pericardial effusion and a pleural effusion is consistent with the diagnosis of:
Fetal hydrops
The condition in which the heart is located on the outside of the chest wall is termed:
Ectopic cordis
An echogenic intracardiac focus is most often seen within the:
Left ventricle
An echogenic intracardiac focus is often seen in cases of:
Trisomy 21
The embryonic heart begins as:
Two tubes
Eventration of the diaphragm is best described as:
A lack of muscle in the dome of the diaphragm
The fetal heart is fully formed by:
10 weeks
Fetal lung maturity can be assessed using the:
Lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio
Fetal rhabdomyomas are associated with which of the following?
Tuberous sclerosis
A group of anomalies characterized by a small or absent left ventricle is:
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
A group of anomalies characterized by a small or absent right ventricle is:
Hypoplastic right heart syndrome
The most common cause of cardiac malposition is:
Diaphragmatic hernia
The most common fetal cardiac tumor is the:
Rhabdomyoma
The most common form of diaphragmatic hernia is the:
Foramen of Bochdalek
The most common sonographic appearance of pulmonary sequestration is a/an:
Triangular, echogenic mass within the chest
The narrowing of the aortic arch is indicative of:
Coarctation of the aorta
A separate mass of nonfunctioning fetal lung tissue is referred to as:
Pulmonary sequestration
The sonographic “bat wing” sign is indicative of:
Pleural effusion
Tetralogy of Fallot consists of all of the following except:
- Overriding aortic root
- ventricular septic defect
- pulmonary stenosis
- left ventricular hypertrophy
Left ventricular hypertrophy
The visualization of the fetal stomach within the fetal chest is most indicative of:
Diaphragmatic hernia
What is the normal opening in the lower middle third of the atrial septum?
Foramen ovale
Which of the following best describes transposition of the great vessels?
The aorta arises from the left ventricle and the pulmonary artery arises from the right ventricle
Which of the following is a true statement about the fetal heart?
- The apex of the heart is the portion closest to the spine
- The chamber closest to the fetal spine is the left atrium
The chamber closest to the fetal spine is the left atrium
Which of the following is considered to be the most common cardiac defect?
- Ventricular septal defect
- Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Ventricular septal defect
Which of the following is not a true statement about the normal fetal heart?
- There is a normal opening within the atrial septum
- The mitral valve is positioned closer to the cardiac apex than the tricuspid valve
The mitral valve is positioned closer to the cardiac apex than the tricuspid valve
Which statement is true concerning fetal outflow tracts?
- The normal pulmonary artery should be positioned anterior to the aorta and should be visualized crossing over it
- The right ventricular outflow tract leads to the aorta
The normal pulmonary artery should be positioned anterior to the aorta and should be visualized crossing over it
