CH 26 Flashcards
The fetal spine & musculoskeletal system
1
Q
Talipes equinovarus is associated w/: Clubfoot Syndactyly Rhizomelia Rockerbottom feet
A
Clubfoot
2
Q
The artifact seen posterior to solid structures such as fetal bone is referred to as: Acoustic shadowing Posterior enhancement Reverberation artifact Edge artifact
A
Acoustic shadowing
3
Q
The disorder associated w/ fetal amputations is: Achondroplasia Osteogenesis imperfecta Thanatophoric dysplasia Amniotic band syndrome
A
Amniotic band syndrome
4
Q
The form of inheritance in which at least one parent has to be a carrier of an abnormal gene for it to be passed to the fetus is: Autosomal recessive Autosomal dominant Inherited dominant Inherited recessive
A
Autosomal dominant
5
Q
The condition associated w/ the absence of the sacrum and coccyx:
- Limb-body wall complex
- Caudal regression syndrome
- Thanatophoric dwarfism
- Heterozygous achondroplasia
A
Caudal regression syndrome
6
Q
All of the following are characteristics of spina bifida occulta except: Closed defect Elevated MSAFP Sacral dimple Hemangioma
A
Elevated MSAFP
7
Q
All of the following are characteristics of spina bifida cystica except: Banana sign Lemon sign Enlarged mass intermedia Normal MSAFP
A
Normal MSAFP
8
Q
In VACTERL association, the letter "C" stands for: Cerebellar C-spine Cranial Cardiac
A
Cranial
9
Q
All of the following are associated w/ spina bifida except:
- Splaying of the laminae
- Enlarged posterior fossa
- Lemon sign
- Hydrocephalus
A
Enlarged posterior fossa
10
Q
The abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is referred to as: Kyphosis Scoliosis Splaying Achondroplasia
A
Scoliosis
11
Q
All of the following are clinical or sonographic findings consistent w/ limb-body wall complex except:
- Ventral wall defects
- Decreased MSAFP
- Marked scoliosis
- Shortened umbilical cord
A
Decreased MSAFP
12
Q
A disorder that results in abnormal bone growth and dwarfism is:
- Osteogenesis imperfecta
- Achondroplasia
- Radial ray defect
- Caudal regression syndrome
A
Achondroplasia
13
Q
The group of fetal head and brain abnormalities that often coexists w/ spina bifida is referred to as: Dandy-Walker malformation Budd-Chiari syndrome Arnold-Chiari II malformation Amniotic band syndrome
A
Arnold-Chiari 2 malformation
14
Q
In VACTERL association, the letter "L" stands for: Limb Lung Liver Larynx
A
Limb
15
Q
The most common nonlethal skeletal dysplasia is: Achondrogenesis Achondroplasia Thanatophoric dysplasia Osteogenesis imperfecta
A
Achondroplasia
16
Q
Achondroplasia is associated w/ all of the following except: Frontal bossing Flattened nasal bridge Trident hand Absent mineralization of the skull
A
Absent mineralization of the skull
17
Q
The thalamic tissue located w/in the 3rd ventricle of the brain that can become enlarged w/ Arnold-Chiari II malformation is: Corpus callosum Cerebellar vermis Cavum septum pellucidum Massa intermedia
A
Massa intermedia
18
Q
Rhizomelia denotes:
- Long upper extremeties
- Shortening of an entire limb
- Shortening of the proximal segment of a limb
- Shortening of the distal segment of a limb
A
Shortening of the proximal segment of a limb
19
Q
An absent sacrum and coccyx is referred to as: Sirenomelia Caudal regression syndrome Achondroplasia Radial ray defect
A
Caudal regression syndrome
20
Q
All of the following are characteristic sonographic findings of achondrogenesis except:
- Micromelia
- Absent mineralization of the pelvis
- Multiple dislocated joints
- Polyhydramnios
A
Multiple dislocated joints
21
Q
Upon sonographic interrogation of a 28-wk pregnancy, you note that when pressure is applied to the fetal skull, the skull can be easily distorted. This is sonographic evidence of: Arnold-Chiari II malformation Achondroplasia Thanatophoric dysplasia Osteogenesis imperfecta
A
Osteogenesis imperfecta
22
Q
A bell-shaped chest and multiple fetal fractures are indicative of: Thanatophoric dysplasia Cuadal regression syndrome Achondrogenesis Osteogenesis imperfecta
A
Osteogenesis imperfecta
23
Q
All of the following are signs of Arnold-Chiari II syndrome except: S-shaped spine Banana sign Lemon sign Colpocephaly
A
S-shaped spine
24
Q
All of the following are associated w/ amniotic band syndrome except: Amputation of fetal parts Anencephaly Facial clefting Synechiae
A
Synechiae
25
Q
Sirenomelia is commonly referred to as: Radial ray defect Rhizomelia Mermaid syndrome Rockerbottom feet
A
Mermaid syndrome
26
Q
Absence of the radius is referred to as: Talipes equinovarus Clubfoot Radial ray defect Phocomelia
A
Radial ray defect
27
Q
Sonographically, you visualize a mass extending from the distal spine of a fetus. This mass could be all of the following except: Sacrococcygeal teratoma Meningocele Meningomyelocele Phocomeningocele
A
Phocomeningocele
28
Q
A cloverleaf skull and hydrocephalus is seen w/: Achondrogenesis Osteogenesis imperfecta Sirenomelia Thanatophoric dysplasia
A
Thanatophoric dysplasia
29
Q
A protein produced by the yolk sac and fetal liver that's found in excess in the maternal circulation in the presence of a neural tube defect is: PAAP-A hCG Estriol AFP
A
AFP
30
Q
What condition is associated w/ bilateral renal agenesis, oligohydramnios, and fusion of the lower extremities? Sacrococcygeal teratoma Caudal displacement syndrome Sirenomelia Osteogenesis imperfecta
A
Sirenomelia
