Ch 27

Question 1

Fatty acids

Answer 1

Fatty acids are long chained carboxylic acids. Saturated have no double bonds, and unsaturated have double bonds that are cis

Question 2

Waxes

Answer 2

Waxes are long carbon chained esters. They are made from fatty acids and long chained alcohol coming together (H2O) is taken out

Question 3

Triacylglycerols

Answer 3

3 fatty acids on a glycerol backbone. The carboxylic acids of the fatty acids hydrolyses with the 3 alcohols of the glycerol backbone

Question 4

Soaps/detergents

Answer 4

Basically salts of sodium/potassium and long chain fatty acids

Made by hydrolysis (saponificiation) of an alkali salt and triacylglycerols (animal fat)

PS. Solid salts are usually sodium salts while potassium salts are liquid :)

Question 5

Phospholipids

Answer 5

Literally just triacyglycerols except one fatty acid is a phosphate group

Question 6

Prostaglandins (Eicosanoids)

Answer 6

Look allot like fatty acids but they have a five membered ring in the middle

Question 7

Terpenoids

Answer 7

10 carbon molecule made of two five carbon isoprene units

Question 8

Sesquiterpenes

Answer 8

“One and a half terpenes” contains 15 carbons

Question 9

Diterpenes

Answer 9

Contain 20 carbons

Question 10

Steroids

Answer 10

Normally three cyclohexanes with a cyclopentane