Ch. 25 Flashcards
Which of the features below are found in all protist lineages?
A) Plastids
B) Mitochondria
C) Organelles that arose by secondary endosymbiosis
Mitochondria
Plastids that are surrounded by more than two membranes are evidence of
A) Origin of the plastids from archaea B) Secondary endosymbiosis C) Evolution from mitochondria D) Fusion of plastids E) Budding of the plastids from the nuclear envelope
Secondary endosymbiosis
Biologists suspect that endosymbiosis give rise to mitochondria before plastids partly because
A) Mitochondrial proteins are synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes, where as plastids utilize their own ribosomes.
B) All eukaryotes have mitochondria (or their remnants), where as many eukaryotes do not have plastids.
C) The products of photosynthesis could not be metabolized without mitochondrial enzymes.
D) Without mitochondrial CO2 production, photosynthesis could not occur.
E) Mitochondrial DNA is less similar to prokaryotic DNA than is plastid DNA.
B) All eukaryotes have mitochondria (or their remnants), where as many eukaryotes do not have plastids.
Which group is incorrectly paired with its description?
A) Diatoms- important producers in aquatic communities
B) Diplomonads- protists with modified mitochondria
C) Red algae- acquired plastids by secondary endosymbiosis
D) Rhizarians- morphologically diverse group defined by DNA similarities
E) Apicomplexans- parasites with intricate life cycles
C) Red algae- acquired plastids by secondary endosymbiosis
Which protists are in the same eukaryotic supergroup as land plants?
A) Brown algae B) Green algae C) Red algae D) Dinoflagellates E) Both red algae and green algae
E) Both red algae and green algae
In life cycles with the alternation of generations, multicellular haploid forms alternate with
A) Multicellular polyploid forms B) Unicellular diploid forms C) Multicellular haploid forms D) Unicellular haploid forms E) Multicellular diploid forms
E) Multicellular diploid forms
Based on the phylogenetic tree in Figure 28.3 in your textbook, which of the following statements is correct?
A) The most recent common ancestor of Excavata is older than that of Chromalveolata.
B) The most recent common ancestor of red algae and land plants is older than that of nucleariids and fungi.
C) The most basal (first to diverge) eukaryotic supergroup cannot be determined.
D) Excavata is the most basal eukaryotic supergroup.
E) The most recent common ancestor of Chromalveolata is older than that of Rhizaria.
C) The most basal (first to diverge) eukaryotic supergroup cannot be determined.
Why has the kingdom Protista been abandoned?
A) Some protists are multicellular.
B) The kingdom Protista is polyphyletic.
C) Some protists are more closely related to plants, animals, or fungi than they are two other protists.
D) Some protists are as small as prokaryotes.
E) The second and third answers are correct.
E) The second and third answers are correct.
This figure shows the lifecycle of the ciliate Paramecium Caudatum. In this figure, what does the green arrow represent?
A) Reproduction
B) Both conjugation and reproduction
C) Conjugation
C) Conjugation
Which of the features below are found in all protist lineages?
A) Plastids
B) Mitochondria
C) Organelles that arose by secondary endosymbiosis
B) Mitochondria
Which group of organisms (ciliates, animals, or plants) has the most complex cells?
A) Animals
B) Plants
C) Ciliates
C) Ciliates
Select the correct statement about photosynthesis by primary producers.
A) Cyanobacteria carry out more of the world’s photosynthesis than protist do.
B) Land plants carry out over 80% of the world’s photosynthesis.
C) Photosynthetic protists and prokaryotes Carry out the majority of the photosynthesis in aquatic communities.
C) Photosynthetic protists and prokaryotes Carry out the majority of the photosynthesis in aquatic communities.
Which of the following statements supports the hypothesis of an endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria?
A) Some algae contain plastids surrounded by for membranes.
B) Each mitochondrion one has its own DNA molecule.
C) Diplomonads have modified mitochondria called mitosomes.
B) Each mitochondrion one has its own DNA molecule.
Which of the following is true of secondary endosymbiosis?
A) It is indicated by the presence of a double membrane surrounding the endymbiont.
B) An organism containing one endosymbiont engulfs another organism, and that organism becomes an endosymbiont.
C) It is indicated by the presence of a nucleomorph.
D) An organism containing an endosymbiont is engulfed by another organism and becomes an endosymbiont.
E) It is indicated by the presence of a mixotroph.
D) An organism containing an endosymbiont is engulfed by another organism and becomes an endosymbiont.
Which of the following are two groups that are adapted to anaerobic conditions and contain modified mitochondria that lack DNA?
A) Dinoflagellates and diatoms B) Chlorophyts and radiolarians C) Apicomplexans and forams D) Gymnamoebas and slime molds E) Diplomonads and parabasalids
E) Diplomonads and parabasalids
