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NSG 250 > Ch 25 > Flashcards

Ch 25 Flashcards

1
Q

What organ metabolizes Tylenol

A

Liver

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2
Q

Peak

A

max effect of drug

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3
Q

Trough

A

lowest effect of drug

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4
Q

half-life

A

amount of time it takes of half of the drug to be used

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5
Q

Primary effect

A

what we want to see

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6
Q

Secondary effect

A

unintended

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7
Q

side effect

A
  • unintended
  • may be predictable
  • results in physiological effect
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8
Q

Adverse effect

A
  • harmful
  • unintended
  • unpredictable
  • Stop drug immediately
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9
Q

standing orders

A

-set standards

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10
Q

T.O.

A

Telephone order

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11
Q

V.O.

A

verbal order

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12
Q

HAMS

A

High Alert Medications

  • Insulins
  • Heparin
  • Sedatives
  • Opoids
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13
Q

3 checks

A
  • Before you pour
  • After you pour
  • At bedside
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14
Q

Six Rights of medication administration

A
  • patient
  • drug
  • dose
  • rout
  • time
  • frequency
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15
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

-What happens to the drug in the body

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16
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

-How the drug affects the body

17
Q

4 processes of pharmacokinetics

A

-ADME

18
Q

Absorption

A

-Movement of drug in the bloodstream
-Factors affecting absorption
route of administration
drug solubility
pH/ionization
blood flow

19
Q

Distribution

A

-Drug transport to tissues and organs
-Factors affecting distribution
local blood flow
membrane permeability
protein-binding capacity

20
Q

Biotransformation

A

-Chemical conversion of drug
-Factors affecting metabolism
liver function
health/disease status
first-pass effect

21
Q

Excretion

A

-Elimination of the drug
-Factors affecting excretion
organ function, especially the kidneys, and lungs
Exocrine glands

22
Q

The client has been on a low-protein diet. This will most likely affect which pharmacokinetic process?

A

Distribution

23
Q

Primary effects of drugs

A
  • Therapeutic effects
  • Predicted
  • Intended
  • Desired
  • Why the drug was prescribed
24
Q

Secondary effects of drugs

A
  • Unintended
  • Nontherapeutic
  • Can be: predictable, harmless, harmful
Types:
side effects
adverse reactions
toxic reactions
allergic reactions
idiosyncratic reactions
cumulative effect
25
Q

Routes of administration: oral meds

A
  • Most commonly used route
  • Tablets, pills, capsules
  • Liquids
  • Buccal
  • Sublingual
  • Enteral meds
26
Q

Routes of administration: Topical meds

A
  • Applied directly to the skin
  • Local and sometimes systemic effects
  • Lotions/creams
  • transdermal patches
  • eye and ear
  • nasal
  • vaginal
  • rectal
27
Q

Routes of administration: Respiratory inhalations

A
  • Use concept of nebulization
  • Absorbed via alveoli and blood supply
  • atomizers
  • aerosol
  • metered dose inhaler
28
Q

Routes of administration: Parenteral meds

A
  • Intradermal
  • trasdermal
  • subQ
  • IM
  • IV
29
Q

Which administration route would allow medications to be absorbed fastest

A

IV

NSG 250 (4 decks)

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