Ch. 24- Textbook Questions Flashcards
- The nurse is aware that the first socializing agent for the child is?
a. daycare
b. family
c. school
d. play groups
b. family
- The nurse is educating a group of preschool teachers about psychosocial development for their population. The nurse is correct when stating a 4-year-old child is working on achieving which of Erikson’s developmental tasks?
a. Trust versus mistrust
b. Industry versus inferiority
c. Autonomy versus shame and doubt
d. Initiative versus guilt
a. Trust versus mistrust
- The student nurse is preparing for a clinical day at a local long-term care facility. The student has a correct understanding of the theories of aging when she/he makes which statement? (Select all that apply.)
a. “Free radicals improve cellular efficiency and delay the aging process.”
b. “With aging, the body becomes less able to recognize itself and produces antibodies that act against the self.”
c. “Free radicals cause an accumulation of cellular waste that may accelerate the aging process.”
d. “Abuse of the body can accelerate functional and structural changes associated with growing old.”
e. “The immune system function increases, reducing the risk for infection as people age.”
b. “With aging, the body becomes less able to recognize itself and produces antibodies that act against the self.”
c. “Free radicals cause an accumulation of cellular waste that may accelerate the aging process.”
d. “Abuse of the body can accelerate functional and structural changes associated with growing old.”
- An 8-year-old loves to draw and do craft projects. The nurse understands that the child’s need for praise and encouragement for the work efforts demonstrates the development of which of Erikson’s tasks?
a. Autonomy
b. Initiative
c. Industry
d. Identity
c. Industry
- The school nurse is preparing a presentation for the high school football team. The nurse should include that peak physical strength and endurance occurs during what period of life?
a. Adolescence
b. Early adulthood
c. Middle adulthood
d. Late adulthood
b. Early adulthood
- The nurse is completing the assessment of an 8-month-old infant at a well child visit. The nurse notes that the child has good head control and can now sit up unsupported. What term accurately describes this sequence of growth and development?
a. Integrated
b. Proximodistal
c. Cephalocaudal
d. Differential
c. Cephalocaudal
- The nurse is discussing stressors that are common for children when their parents remarry after a divorce. Which statement by the nurse indicates a need for further teaching? (Select all that apply.)
a. Losses from a previous divorce can cause children to be fearful of love and trust.
b. Children may have loyalties to the other parent.
c. Jealousies may arise from the unity of stepchildren.
d. There are no stressors to consider because the new marriage only concerns the parents, not the children.
d. There are no stressors to consider because the new marriage only concerns the parents, not the children.
- A 5-year-old child is brought to the doctor’s office for an annual well child visit by his grandmother. The student nurse knows which of the following is true regarding grand families?
a. Children have more stable childhoods when placed with nonrelative foster families.
b. Finances are never a concern for grand families.
c. The number of children in foster care being raised by relatives because of substance abuse is increasing.
d. If the grandparent is the primary caregiver for a child, the biological parents are not involved in the child’s life.
e. As long as counseling is sought before a new marriage occurs the children will not experience any difficulties.
c. The number of children in foster care being raised by relatives because of substance abuse is increasing.
- The parents of a 1-week-old infant are concerned that they are going to “spoil” their baby if they hold him too much. The nurse understands that according to Erikson, when infants are cuddled, fed, and loved, they develop which characteristic?
a. Autonomy
b. Trust
c. Industry
d. Identity
b. Trust
- The nurse is observing a group of preschool children playing.
What type of play is most common with this age group?
a. Parallel play
b. Imaginary play
c. Organized, team play
d. Cognitive play
b. Imaginary play
- The nurse understands that characteristics of the cognitive development for a 10-year-old child include which concepts?
(Select all that apply.)
a. Better understands other viewpoints
b. Recognizes cause-and-effect relationships
c. Uses a systematic, scientific problem-solving approach
d. Is able to think about abstractions and hypothetical concepts
e. Understands basic ideas of conversation and number classification
a. Better understands other viewpoints
c. Uses a systematic, scientific problem-solving approach
- The young adult struggles with which of Erikson’s developmental tasks?
a. Trust versus mistrust
b. Identity versus confusion
c. Generativity versus stagnation
d. Intimacy versus isolation
d. Intimacy versus isolation
- A mother asks the nurse why her toddler always says “no” and has a negative attitude. The nurse assures the mother that such behavior is common in toddlers and helps the child meet which developmental task?
a. Discipline
b. Trust
c. Independence
d. Love
c. Independence
- The nurse is explaining Piaget’s preoperational thought stage of development to a mother. Which statements by the mother indicate that the teaching was effective? (Select all that apply.)
a. “This stage of development will last from ages 2
through 7 years.”
b. “My child’s thinking will be focused mainly on himself during this time.”
c. “My child will be able to use his imagination.”
d. “My child will use trial and error to discover new things.”
e. “My child will begin to show behaviors that embrace the feelings and needs of others.”
a. “This stage of development will last from ages 2
through 7 years.”
b. “My child’s thinking will be focused mainly on himself during this time.”
d. “My child will use trial and error to discover new things.”
- A father is concerned that his 8-year-old son does not seem to be growing very quickly. The nurse reassures the father that growth during the school-age period can best be described in what manner?
a. Irregular and slow
b. Steady and slow
c. Regular and fast
d. Irregular and fast
b. Steady and slow
- The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 2-year-old child. What interventions are appropriate for inclusion in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
a. Establish a routine.
b. Offer choices when possible.
c. Provide detailed explanations for care activities.
d. Encourage parental involvement.
e. Encourage play interaction with other older children also hospitalized on the care unit.
a. Establish a routine.
b. Offer choices when possible.
d. Encourage parental involvement.
- A 60-year-old female is being seen for her annual physical. She conveys to the nurse that she is concerned about losing her memory and intelligence as she enters her late adult years. Which statement by the nurse indicates a need for further teaching? (Select all that apply.)
a. “Older adults have a greater loss of recent memory, rather than remote memory.”
b. “Benign forgetfulness is uncommon in older adults and indicates a need for further examination.”
c. “Older adults may be slower to recall past memories but are more accurate in what they recall.”
d. “Older adults in good health have the capacity to maintain or increase their cognitive function.”
e. “The older adult often confuses recent memories and past memories.”
b. “Benign forgetfulness is uncommon in older adults and indicates a need for further examination.”
e. “The older adult often confuses recent memories and past memories.”
- Which statement by the older adult indicates that nutritional counseling was effective?
a. “I need to eat more fats and proteins.”
b. “I need to eat less fiber.”
c. “I need to eat less saturated fats and carbohydrates.”
d. “I can take a supplement for all my nutritional needs.”
a. “I need to eat more fats and proteins.”
- The nurse is reviewing the assigned patients for the shift. One assigned patient is a 45-year-old man. When considering the needs of the patient, the nurse should recognize that the patient is in which developmental stage?
a. Intimacy versus isolation
b. Generativity versus stagnation
c. Ego integrity versus despair
d. Initiative versus guilt
c. Ego integrity versus despair
- Which developmental skill commonly is accomplished by the fourth month of life?
a. Sitting up unsupported
b. Holding head up at 90-degree angle
c. Creeping
d. Transferring objects from one hand to the other
b. Holding head up at 90-degree angle
- A new parent asks how to introduce solid foods to the infant. Which statement indicates that teaching was effective?
a. “I will introduce several foods at once to see what food my baby likes best.”
b. “I will start feeding my baby my favorite foods first.”
c. “I will introduce one new food at a time.”
d. “I will mix foods together to cover up tastes that he might not like.”
c. “I will introduce one new food at a time.”
- When teaching a parenting class, the nurse explains that nighttime bottles should be avoided to help prevent which occurrence?
a. Dental caries
b. Dental malocclusion
c. Otitis media
d. Lactose intolerance
a. Dental caries
- The father of 17-year-old boy is concerned because his son is questioning all of the family’s morals and values. Which is true regarding the developmental tasks of an adolescent?
a. Adolescents should achieve independence from their parents financially and socially.
b. Adolescents learn to accept their own mortality and prepare for death.
c. Adolescents question their own values and beliefs as they search for their own identity.
d. Adolescents continue to deny responsibility for their behavior.
c. Adolescents question their own values and beliefs as they search for their own identity.
