Ch 24: Anabolism of nucleic acid (RNA Synthesis/transcription)

Question 1

Transcription

What is transcription?

Answer 1

Synthesis of RNA using DNA as a template

no primer is needed

Question 2

Transcription

Which nucleotide gets changed in RNA

Answer 2

U instead of T

Question 3

Transcription

How many DNA strands are used as a template?

Answer 3

just 1

Question 4

Transcription

What is the substate from RNA?

Answer 4

NTP (rather than dNTP in DNA)

Question 5

Transcription

What enzyme catalyzes the reaction?

Answer 5

RNA polymerase

Question 6

Transcription

What is the the product of transcription?

Answer 6

1 single-strand RNA (ssRNA)

Question 7

Types of RNA

How many types of RNA is there and what are they?

Answer 7

5

mRNA-Messenger RNA (encodes the AA sequence of a polypeptide)

tRNA- Transfer RNA (transports AA to ribosomes during translation)

rRNA- ribosomal RNA (forms complexes called ribosomes with protein, the structure on which mRNA is translated)

snRNA- small nuclear RNA (forms complexes with proteins used in eukaryotic RNA processing)

miRNA/siRNA- Mirco RNA/SMall interfering RNA (short, 22nt RNA sequences that bind to mRNA and result in gene splicing)

Question 8

Prokaryotic RNA synthesis

How many types of RNA polymerase do prokaryotes have?

Answer 8

1