Ch 23: Sonographers in the Clinical Setting Flashcards

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1
Q

Four major principles of medical ethics are…

A
  1. respect for autonomy
  2. non-maleficence
  3. beneficence
  4. justice
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2
Q

This means that the patient has the capacity to act intentionally, with understanding, and with free will.

A

respect for autonomy

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3
Q

Respect for autonomy is the basis of…

A

informed consent.

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4
Q

This requires that we avoid needless harm or injury to the patient, whether by action or inaction.

A

non-maleficence

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5
Q

Imposing careless of unreasonable risk of harm on a person is…

A

negligence.

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6
Q

This dictates that the actions of health care providers should benefit the patient.

A

beneficence

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7
Q

This requires that patients who are equals should qualify for equal treatment regardless of age, sex, etc.

A

justice

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8
Q

This is the process by which patients are educated about the essentials of a medical procedure.

A

informed consent

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9
Q

Complete informed consent generally includes…

A
  1. the nature of the procedure
  2. reasonable alternatives
  3. risks, benefits, and uncertainties
  4. assessment of the patient’s understanding
  5. the patient’s acceptance
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10
Q

To be valid, a __ patient must give __ consent.

A

competent, voluntary

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11
Q

A patient is not competent to give consent if they’re…

A

underage, incapacitated, or being educated in a language they do not speak.

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12
Q

T/F? A patient may withdraw previously granted consent at any time.

A

true

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13
Q

Upon meeting a patient, a sonographer should __ herself, __ the procedure, and __ the patient.

A

introduce, describe, identify

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14
Q

This is defined as the quality of being worthy, honored, or esteemed.

A

dignity

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15
Q

This field studies the interaction between sonographer, patient, and equipment in order to optimize the well being of sonographers in their professional environment.

A

ergonomics

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16
Q

More than __ sonographers experience pain from a work-related injury.

A

3 out of 4

17
Q

The causes of work-related injuries include…

A

repetitive motions, forceful or awkward movements, poor posture, improper positioning, strain, and extended periods of joint pressure.

18
Q

What important innovation allows the sonographer to maintain the recommended wrist, neck, eye, and body positions during scanning.

A

articulation (swivel and extension) control panels and monitors

19
Q

It is beneficial to maintain __ positions that avoid stress and fatigue.

A

neutral

20
Q

These are a set of guidelines to minimize the exposure and risk of health care workers when in contact with a patient.

A

standard precautions

21
Q

What should all health care workers do to prevent exposure to patient’s bodily fluids?

A

practice good hygiene habits (hand washing, gloves, gowns, etc)

22
Q

OSHA stands for…

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

23
Q

Tasks with a greater potential for exposure have a greater need for…

A

appropriate protective equipment.

24
Q

All work activities should be classified according to…

A

the potential for exposure.

25
Q

A detailed work program should be developed that includes…

A

standard operating procedures (SOPs) for all activities that have exposure potential.

26
Q

Worker training should include…

A

safe work practices and use of protective equipment.

27
Q

The employer should monitor workers to ensure that…

A

the required work practices are observed and protective equipment properly used.

28
Q

__ of the protective procedures should be kept.

A

Documentation