Ch. 23 Sonographers in the Clinical Setting Flashcards
Principles of health care ethics
Respect for autonomy
Nonmaleficence
Beneficence
Justice
Respect for autonomy
Means that the patient has the capacity to act intentionally, with understanding, and with free will.
- is the basis of informed consent
Nonmaleficence
That we avoid needless harm or injury to the patient, whether by action or inaction.
Imposing careless or unreasonable risk of harm on a person is ________________________________
Imposing careless or unreasonable risk of harm on a person is Negligence
Beneficence
Benefits the patient, extends from individual patients to entire community.
Informed consent
Allows to make an informed, educated, and voluntary decision
In order for consent to be valid:
In order for consent to be valid Patient must be competent and consent be voluntary
When can a patient withdrawal previous granted consent?
anytime
Dignity
Quality of being worthy, honored, or being esteemed.
Factors that make a patient vulnerable to loss of dignity include _____________________, ___________________, and _______________________
Factors that make a patient vulnerable to loss of dignity include: Advanced Age, Infirmity, and Lack of Privacy
_________________________ is the study of the interaction between the sonographer, patient, and equipment in order to optimize the well-being of the sonographer.
Ergonomics is the study of the interaction between the sonographer, patient, and equipment in order to optimize the well-being of the sonographer.
________ out of _________ sonographers experience pain from WRMS injury.
3 out of 4 sonographers experience pain from WRMS injury.
Nearly ________ of sonographers end their careers as a result of injury
Nearly 20% of sonographers end their careers as a result of injury.
___________ and ____________ work together to reduce and prevent WRMS disorders
OSHA and SDMS Work together to reduce and prevent WRMS disorders
Causes for WRMS injuries are:
Repetitive motions, forceful or awkward movements, poor posture, improper positioning, strain, and pressure on joints.
Standard precaustions
a set of guidelines to minimize the exposure and risk of healthcare workers when in contact with a patient
Which of the following provides the basis for informed consent?
A. notice
B. a contract
C. autonomy
D. beneficence
C. Autonomy. Autonomy is the ability to act intentionally, with understanding. This serves as the foundation for informed consent.
Following the revocation of consent, when should a sonographer terminate the exam?
at the first safe opportunity
When a family member is translating for the patient who can only give consent?
The patient
Which of the following terms is defined by avoidance of unnecessary risk, harm, or needless injury?
A. nonmaleficence
B. beneficence
C. justice
D. Autonomy
A. Nonmaleficence
Which of the following terms describes the value that the actions of health care providers should benefit the patient?
A. nonemalficence
B. beneficence
C. justice
D. Autonomy
B. Beneficence
Which one of these terms is not associated with informed consent?
A. describing reasonable alternatives
B. the patients acceptance
C. evaluation of the patient’s understanding
D. justice
D. Justice is not associated with informed consent. Justice is a core value of medicine, not one of informed consent.
When can a patient revoke consent?
A. prior to the start of the procedure
B. four hours prior to the procedure
C. at any time, even during the procedure
D. never
C. at any time. Although the other answers are correct as well, C is the best choice. A patient can revoke consent at any time.
Following the revocation of consent, when should a sonographer terminate the exam?
A. immediately
B. after all the diagnostic information is obtained
C. after the physician is notified
D. at the first opportunity when it is safe
D. at the first opportunity when it is safe.
True or False. A patient only communicates in a foreign language. It is acceptable to have a bilingual family member serve as an interpreter, speak to the patient, and obtain consent from the patient.
True. An interpreter may be used to provide effective communication between a patient and health care provider as long as the patient has signed a HIPAA-compliant release form.
Which of the following is least likely to make a patient experience a loss of dignity?
A. advanced age
B. sickness
C. lack of privacy
D. sedation
D. sedation. Lack of dignity is not associated with sedation.
True or False. A sonographer with advanced practitioner status can provide her impression of a study to the patient.
False.
Which of the following is the best and most appropriate action of a sonographer?
A. hand washing before an exam
B. hand washing after an exam
C. hand washing before and after an exam
D. using sterile technique during the exam
C. hand washing before and after an exam.
What is the first action of sonographers upon entering a patient’s room?
A. introduce themselves to the patient
B. plug in the ultrasound system
C. check the patient’s wristband
D. wash their hands
A. It is important to treat patients with respect. Therefore, the first action should be to introduce themselves to the patient.
A patient arrives at the ultrasound department. The patient does not have a wristband and is sedated. What should the sonographer do?
A. call the nurse
B. perform the study
C. cancel the study
D. reschedule the study
A. call the nurse
True or False. Informed consent must always be obtained from the patient.
False. Patients must have the capacity to provide consent. When a patient has a guardian, the guardian can provide the consent to treat.
What is the study of the relationship between a worker and her environment called?
A. pathology
B. psychology
C. Ergonomics
D. best practices
C. Ergonomics
Guidelines to minimize the risk of healthcare workers to contract bloodborne infections have been developed. What are these guidelines called?
A. OSHA guidelines
B. standard precautions
C. beneficence
D. best practices
B. standard precautions. Standard precautions are guidelines to reduce the risk of health care workers to bloodborne infection
What percentage of sonographers are thought to experience musculoskeletal pain related to work?
A. 20%
B. 40%
C. 60%
D. 80%
D. 80% of all sonographers are affected, about 20% will end their career because of MSK problems
All of the following can reduce workplace injuries except ____________________.
A. patient scheduling
B. proper use of equipment
C. educational programming
D. patient positioning
E. none of the above
E. none of the above. All of these choices can reduce the incidence of workplace injury.
