Ch 23 Neurologic System

Question 0

Broca’s area

Answer 0

In the frontal lobe it mediates motor speech

When injured in the dominant hemisphere, expressive aphasia results (the person cannot talk but can understand language)

Question 1

Wernicke’s Area

Answer 1

In the temporal lobe is associated with language comprehension.

When damaged in the persons dominant hemisphere, receptive aphasia results. (The person hears sound but it has no meaning)

Question 2

Dermal segmentation

Answer 2

Is the cutaneous distribution of the various spinal nerves

Question 3

Dermatome

Answer 3

Is circumscribed skin area that is supplied mainly from spinal cord segment through a particular spinal nerve

2. A band or region of skin supplied by a single sensory nerve.

Question 4

Syncope

Answer 4

A sudden loss of strength, a temporary loss of consciousness (a faint)!due to lack of cerebral blood flow eg low BP

Question 5

Vertigo

Answer 5

Is the rotational spinning caused by neurologic disease in the vestibular apparatus in the ear or in the vestibular nuclei in the brain stem

Question 6

Seizures

Answer 6

Occur with epilepsy, a paroxysmal disease characterized by altered or loss of consciousness, involuntary muscle movements and sensory disturbances

Question 7

Aura

Answer 7

Is a subjective sensation that precedes a seizure; it could be auditory, visual, or motor

Question 8

Tremor

Answer 8

Is an involuntary shaking, vibrating, or trembling

Question 9

Paresis

Answer 9

Is a partial or incomplete paralysis

Question 10

Paralysis

Answer 10

Is a loss of motor function due to lesion in the neurologic or muscular system or loss of sensory innervation

Question 11

Dysmetria

Answer 11

Is the inability to control range of motion of muscles

Is clumsy movement with overshooting the mark and occurs with cerebellum disorders or acute alcohol intoxication

Question 12

Paresthesia

Answer 12

Is an abnormal sensation that results from injury to one or more nerves. It is often described by patients as numbness and tingling, or as a prickly, stinging, or burning feeling.

Question 13

Dysarthria

Answer 13

Difficulty forming words

Question 14

Dysphasia

Answer 14

is difficultly with language comprehension or expression

Question 15

Lead effect on child

Answer 15

Chronically elevated lead levels may cause developmental delay, a loss of newly acquired skill or no clinical signs may be present

Question 16

Diminished Cerebral Blood Flow

Answer 16

Diminished vestibular response may produce staggering with position change, which increases risk of falls

Question 17

Hypoalgesia

Analgesia

Hyperalgesia

Answer 17

Decreased pain sensation

absent pain sensation

Increased pain sensation

Question 18

Clonus

Answer 18

Is a set of rapid rhythmic contractions of the same muscle

Question 19

Hyperreflexia

Answer 19

Is the exaggerated reflex seen when the monosynaptic reflex arc is released from the usually inhibiting influence of higher cortical levels this occurs with upper motor neuron lesions

Ex brain attack

Question 20

Hyporeflexia

Answer 20

Which is the absence of reflex, is lower motor neuron problem it occurs with interpretation of sensory adherents or destruction of motor efferent a and anterior horn cells

Ex spinal cord injury

Question 21

Neurologic examination sequence

Answer 21

1. Mental status
2. Cranial nerves
3. Motor system
4. Sensory system
5. Reflexes

Position the person sitting up with the head at your eye level

Question 22

Screening neurologic examination

Answer 22

Seemingly well persons who have no significant subjective findings from history

Question 23

Complete neurologic examination

Answer 23

On persons who no neurologic concerns or who have shown signs of neurologic dysfunction

Question 24

Neurologic recheck

Answer 24

On persons with demonstrated neurologic deficits who require periodic assessments

Sequence examination

1. Level of consciousness
2. Motor function
3. Pupillary response
4. Vital signs

Question 25

Anosmia

Answer 25

Loss of smell occurs bilaterally with tobacco smoking allergic rhinitis and cocaine use

Unilateral loss of smell in the absence of nasal disease is neurogenic anosmia

Question 26

Nystagmus

Answer 26

Is the back and forth movement of the eyes

Question 27

Ptosis

Answer 27

Dropping of eyelid

Question 28

Strabismus

Answer 28

Deviated gaze A disorder of the eye in which optic axes cannot be directed to the same object.

Question 29

Plegia

Answer 29

I’m is the absence of strength (muscles)

Question 30

Ataxia

Answer 30

Uncoordinated or unsteady gait

Question 31

Past pointing

Answer 31

Is a constant deviation to one side

Question 32

Hypoesthesia

Anesthesia

Hyperesthesia

Answer 32

Decreased touch sensation

Absent touch

Increased touch sensation

Question 33

Stereognosis

Answer 33

Test persons ability to recognize objects by feeling their form size and weight with eyes closed

Astereognosis inability to object correctly occurs in sensory cortex lesions

Question 34

Chorea

Answer 34

Sudden rapid jerky purposeless movement involving limbs trunk or face

Question 35

Athetosis

Answer 35

Slow twisting writhing continuous movement resembling a snake or worm

Question 36

Hypotonia

Hypertonia

Answer 36

Flaccidity decreased muscle tone feel limp soft and flabby

Spasticity increased tone increased resistance to passive lengthily then may suddenly give way

Question 37

Myoclonus I

Answer 37

Rapid sudden jerk or short series of jerks at fairly regular intervals ex. Is a hiccup which is myoclonus of diaphragm