Ch 23 Grammar Flashcards
What is a cardinal number?
A Cardinal Number is a number that says how many of something there are, such as one, two, three, four, five.
What is an ordinal number?
An Ordinal Number is a number that tells the position of something in a list, such as 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th etc.
What kind of numbers can genitives be used with to show a partitive idea? (cardinal or ordinal)
with ordinal numbers (primus multōrum “the first of many)
except with mīlle
How does Latin construct a partitive idea with a cardinal number?
ex + ablative case
decem ē virīs “ten of the men”
What does Ablative of Time When mean?
When an action occurs
tertiā nocte “on the third night”
What does Ablative of Time Within Which mean?
The period of time within which an action occurs
tribus annīs “within three years”
What does Accusative of Duration of Time refer to?
“How long”
trēs annōs “for three years”
What does Accusative of Space and Degree show?
Quantity or measurements
Puerī tria mīlia ambulant. “The boys walk three miles”
Translate this partitive expression:
Prīmus multōrum
The first of many (the word multōrum is a genitive used with an ordinal number)
Translate this partitive expression:
duo ex amīcīs
two of the friends (amīcīs is an ablative that is used with ē/ex to show a partitive idea)
What is an ablative of price?
It is how Latin shows shows how much something costs
[Agricola vaccās pecūnia vēndit “The farmer sells his cowes “for money” (make sure to add “for” as a keyword with the ablative if it makes sense)]
What is a partitive expression?
- An expression to show a part of something (“two of the friends”)
How are partitive expressions constructed?
- Either with a genitive following a head noun (primus multōrum; “the first of many”)
- or with the prep. ex/ē + ablative (decem ē virīs; “ten of the men”)
