Ch 2.1 Nucleic Acids Flashcards
1
Q
What’s a nucleoside vs a nucleotide?
A
- nucleoside: base + sugar
- nucleotide: base + sugar + phosphate group
2
Q
What are the purines?
A
Adenine and guanine
Double ring
3
Q
What are the pyrimidines?
A
Cytosine and thymine
Single ring
4
Q
What pairs with what and the number of bonds?
A
A-T ( 2 bonds)
G-C ( 3 bonds)
5
Q
What bonds form DNA?
A
- phosphodiester bond between backbones
- H- bonds between bases
- base stacking ID- ID , PD- ID on the top and bottom of bases
6
Q
What’s the major and minor grooves in DNA?
A
- Major: larger groove that lets protien easily access the center of the DNA and easily read the base pairs
- Minor: smaller groove and does the same thing as major but harder
7
Q
How does water influence DNA?
A
Base stacking let’s the the bases hydrophobic surfaces but out of water
water have more notional freedom,
increases stability
8
Q
Difference DNA and RNA?
5 points
A
- thymine vs. uricil
- double strand vs. single strand
- deoxyribose vs. ribose sugar
- RNA is usually shorter
- RNA can fold like proteins
