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Mosby's > Ch 21 muscoskeletal > Flashcards

Ch 21 muscoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

Shoulder rotator cuff impingement or tear

A

Neer Test and Hawkins Test

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2
Q

Median nerve integrity

A

thumb abduction test, tinel sign, phalen test

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3
Q

L2, L3, L4 nerve root irritation

A

femoral test

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4
Q

L4, L5, S1 nerve root irritation

A

straight leg raising

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5
Q

Effusion or excess fluid in knee

A

ballottement

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6
Q

Excess fluid in knee

A

Bulge Sign

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7
Q

Torn meniscus in knee

A

McMurray Test

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8
Q

Anterior and posterior cruciate ligament integrity

A

Anterior & Posterior Drawer Test

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9
Q

Mediolateral collateral ligament instability in knee

A

Varus/Valgus Stress Test

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10
Q

Anterior Cruciate ligament integrity

A

Pivot Shift Test

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11
Q

Anterior Cruciate ligament integrity

A

Lachman Test

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12
Q

Torn meniscus in knee

A

Apley test

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13
Q

Flexion contracture of hip

A

Thomas Test

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14
Q

Weak hip abductor muscles

A

Trendelenburg sign

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15
Q

TO check vascular status in upper extremities what do you check?

A

radial pulses on both side, if absent or weak check the brachial pulse

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16
Q

TO check vascular status in lower extremities what do you check?

A

Check the posterior tibial and dorsalis pedis pulses on both sides - if these pulses are absent or weak, check the popliteal and femoral pulses

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17
Q

When do you percuss nerves?

A

for symptoms of inflammation and CVA when looking at back

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18
Q

What is active ROM

A

patients moves joints

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19
Q

What is passive ROM?

A

you move patient

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20
Q

What should you palpate for that is crackly?

A

crepitus

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21
Q

What is a zero on the strength scale

A

0 (no evidence of movement)

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22
Q

What is a one on the strength scale

A

1 (muscle twitch apparent)

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23
Q

What is a two on the strength scale

A

2 (FROM but not against gravity)

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24
Q

What is a three on the strength scale

A

3 (FROM but not against resistance)

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25
Q

What is a four on the strength scale

A

4 (FROM but weak with resistance)

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26
Q

What is a five on the strength scale

A

5 (FROM and full strength)

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27
Q

When you are inspecting what are you inspecting for?

A

swelling, erythema (redness), posture/position, asymmetry, deformity or atrophy

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28
Q

What are the signs of musculoskeletal disease?

A

Pain, Redness (erythema), Swelling (edema), Increased warmth (calor), Deformity, Loss of function

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29
Q

What do you ask above motor vehicle accidents?

A

driver/passenger
belted/non-belted
location of impact and severity of crash (required jaws of life,
if anyone died in the crash, thrown from the car, etc)
speed at impact
position of the patient and the limb in question at impact

30
Q

Moving a limb away from the body is (blank) while moving a limb toward the body is (blank)

A

abduction

adduction

31
Q

(blank) is the result of a wrench or twist of the ligaments of a joint

A

sprain

32
Q

What is the typical number of vertebrae?

A

24

33
Q

(blank) is a flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone.

A

tendon

34
Q

(blank) is a firm, whitish, flexible connective tissue found in various forms in the larynx and respiratory tract, in structures such as the external ear, and in the articulating surfaces of joints.

A

cartilage

35
Q

(blank) a short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint

A

ligament

36
Q

(blank) is a structure in the human or animal body at which two parts of the skeleton are fitted together

A

jjoint

37
Q

What type of joint is this:
no movement
Cranial sutures

A

synarthrosis

38
Q

What type of joint is this:
slightly movable
Radius/ulna
Acromioclavicular joint

A

Amphiarthrosis

39
Q

What type of joint is this:
freely movable
Knee
Shoulder

A

Diarthrosis

40
Q

(blank) is a thin sac that allows gliding between surfaces

A

bursae

41
Q

What are in a diarthrosic joint?

A

synovial fluid, articular cartilage and joint, bursae

42
Q

What are the steps of the musculoskeletal exam?

A

inspect, palpate, ROM, muscle strength, specific tests for each joint

43
Q

When inspecting posture what do you look for?

A

Erectness
Symmetry
Alignment

44
Q

When inspecting skin and subcutaeous tissue what do you look for?

A

Swelling
Redness
Masses

45
Q

When inspecting extremities what do you look for?

A 
Size 
Deformities 
Enlargement 
Alignment 
Symmetry 
Atrophy 
Hypertrophy
46
Q

Palpate bones, joints and surrounding muscles for what?

A 
Heat 
Tenderness 
Swelling 
Fluctuation 
Crepitus 
Resistance to pressure 
Muscle tone
47
Q

What are the three parts to assessing rom?

A

flexion, extension, rotation

48
Q

What are the tests for checking the spine?

A

straight leg raise

49
Q

What are the four tests for carpal tunnel assessment?

A

flick test, thumb abduction, tinel test, and phalen test

50
Q

What test for carpal tunnel has you place the backs of your hands together?

A

phalen

51
Q

What test for carpel tunnel has you place your index finger on your wrist?

A

tinel test

52
Q

What test do you use to look for a meniscus tear?

A

McMurray or Apley test

53
Q

What test do you use for ACL?

A

lachman test

54
Q

What does the drawer test look at?

A

knee ligament eval

55
Q

do kids get fractures or sprains more?

A

fractures

56
Q

Menopausal women need calcium and estrogen why?

A

because lack of these causes bone resorption

57
Q

Does not having kids increase you chance of osteoporosis?

A

yes

58
Q

bony overgrowths in distal interphalangeal joints 2-3 mm is considered a sign of what?

A

osteoarthritis

59
Q

swellings of interphalangeal joints is associated with what?

A

rheumatoid arthritis

60
Q

outward curvation of the spine is called what?

A

kyphosis

61
Q

What is inward curvation of the spine called?

A

lordosis

62
Q

What is a sharp angular deformity associated with a collapsed vertebra from osteoporosis?

A

gibbus

63
Q

A lateral curvature or rib hump shoud mae you suspect (blank)

A

scoliosis

64
Q

What is the ottawa ankle rule?

A

used to identify if patients need ankle radiography

tenderness on fibula/tibia and pain in malleolar zone.

65
Q

If you have weakened thumb abduction, probable distribution of symptoms on the katx hand diagram, hypalgesia (decreased pain along thumb and median nerve distribution compared to little finger on same hand) and weak thumb abduction then you have what.

A

Carpal tunnel

66
Q

If you are older than 55, have tenderness at head of fibula, isolated tenderness of the platella, and inability to flex the knee to 90 degrees then what?

A

you have passed the ottawa knee rules and you need a knee radiograph

67
Q

a single crease along a babies hand can indicate what?

A

down syndrome

68
Q

What should be performed for the first year of the babies life to inspect the hips?

A

barlow-orolani maneuver

69
Q

If an infant has unequal upper leg length this would give them a positive (blank) sign

A

allis

70
Q

What is a quick way to differentiate between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis?

A

rheumatoid has a quick onset and osteoarthritis has an insidious onset (long time coming)

Mosby's (7 decks)

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