Ch 21 muscoskeletal

Question 1

Shoulder rotator cuff impingement or tear

Answer 1

Neer Test and Hawkins Test

Question 2

Median nerve integrity

Answer 2

thumb abduction test, tinel sign, phalen test

Question 3

L2, L3, L4 nerve root irritation

Answer 3

femoral test

Question 4

L4, L5, S1 nerve root irritation

Answer 4

straight leg raising

Question 5

Effusion or excess fluid in knee

Answer 5

ballottement

Question 6

Excess fluid in knee

Answer 6

Bulge Sign

Question 7

Torn meniscus in knee

Answer 7

McMurray Test

Question 8

Anterior and posterior cruciate ligament integrity

Answer 8

Anterior & Posterior Drawer Test

Question 9

Mediolateral collateral ligament instability in knee

Answer 9

Varus/Valgus Stress Test

Question 10

Anterior Cruciate ligament integrity

Answer 10

Pivot Shift Test

Question 11

Anterior Cruciate ligament integrity

Answer 11

Lachman Test

Question 12

Torn meniscus in knee

Answer 12

Apley test

Question 13

Flexion contracture of hip

Answer 13

Thomas Test

Question 14

Weak hip abductor muscles

Answer 14

Trendelenburg sign

Question 15

TO check vascular status in upper extremities what do you check?

Answer 15

radial pulses on both side, if absent or weak check the brachial pulse

Question 16

TO check vascular status in lower extremities what do you check?

Answer 16

Check the posterior tibial and dorsalis pedis pulses on both sides - if these pulses are absent or weak, check the popliteal and femoral pulses

Question 17

When do you percuss nerves?

Answer 17

for symptoms of inflammation and CVA when looking at back

Question 18

What is active ROM

Answer 18

patients moves joints

Question 19

What is passive ROM?

Answer 19

you move patient

Question 20

What should you palpate for that is crackly?

Answer 20

crepitus

Question 21

What is a zero on the strength scale

Answer 21

0 (no evidence of movement)

Question 22

What is a one on the strength scale

Answer 22

1 (muscle twitch apparent)

Question 23

What is a two on the strength scale

Answer 23

2 (FROM but not against gravity)

Question 24

What is a three on the strength scale

Answer 24

3 (FROM but not against resistance)

Question 25

What is a four on the strength scale

Answer 25

4 (FROM but weak with resistance)

Question 26

What is a five on the strength scale

Answer 26

5 (FROM and full strength)

Question 27

When you are inspecting what are you inspecting for?

Answer 27

swelling, erythema (redness), posture/position, asymmetry, deformity or atrophy

Question 28

What are the signs of musculoskeletal disease?

Answer 28

Pain, Redness (erythema), Swelling (edema), Increased warmth (calor), Deformity, Loss of function

Question 29

What do you ask above motor vehicle accidents?

Answer 29

driver/passenger belted/non-belted location of impact and severity of crash (required jaws of life, if anyone died in the crash, thrown from the car, etc) speed at impact position of the patient and the limb in question at impact

Question 30

Moving a limb away from the body is (blank) while moving a limb toward the body is (blank)

Answer 30

abduction | adduction

Question 31

(blank) is the result of a wrench or twist of the ligaments of a joint

Answer 31

sprain

Question 32

What is the typical number of vertebrae?

Answer 32

24

Question 33

(blank) is a flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone.

Answer 33

tendon

Question 34

(blank) is a firm, whitish, flexible connective tissue found in various forms in the larynx and respiratory tract, in structures such as the external ear, and in the articulating surfaces of joints.

Answer 34

cartilage

Question 35

(blank) a short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint

Answer 35

ligament

Question 36

(blank) is a structure in the human or animal body at which two parts of the skeleton are fitted together

Answer 36

jjoint

Question 37

What type of joint is this: no movement Cranial sutures

Answer 37

synarthrosis

Question 38

What type of joint is this: slightly movable Radius/ulna Acromioclavicular joint

Answer 38

Amphiarthrosis

Question 39

What type of joint is this: freely movable Knee Shoulder

Answer 39

Diarthrosis

Question 40

(blank) is a thin sac that allows gliding between surfaces

Answer 40

bursae

Question 41

What are in a diarthrosic joint?

Answer 41

synovial fluid, articular cartilage and joint, bursae

Question 42

What are the steps of the musculoskeletal exam?

Answer 42

inspect, palpate, ROM, muscle strength, specific tests for each joint

Question 43

When inspecting posture what do you look for?

Answer 43

Erectness Symmetry Alignment

Question 44

When inspecting skin and subcutaeous tissue what do you look for?

Answer 44

Swelling Redness Masses

Question 45

When inspecting extremities what do you look for?

Answer 45

``` Size Deformities Enlargement Alignment Symmetry Atrophy Hypertrophy ```

Question 46

Palpate bones, joints and surrounding muscles for what?

Answer 46

``` Heat Tenderness Swelling Fluctuation Crepitus Resistance to pressure Muscle tone ```

Question 47

What are the three parts to assessing rom?

Answer 47

flexion, extension, rotation

Question 48

What are the tests for checking the spine?

Answer 48

straight leg raise

Question 49

What are the four tests for carpal tunnel assessment?

Answer 49

flick test, thumb abduction, tinel test, and phalen test

Question 50

What test for carpal tunnel has you place the backs of your hands together?

Answer 50

phalen

Question 51

What test for carpel tunnel has you place your index finger on your wrist?

Answer 51

tinel test

Question 52

What test do you use to look for a meniscus tear?

Answer 52

McMurray or Apley test

Question 53

What test do you use for ACL?

Answer 53

lachman test

Question 54

What does the drawer test look at?

Answer 54

knee ligament eval

Question 55

do kids get fractures or sprains more?

Answer 55

fractures

Question 56

Menopausal women need calcium and estrogen why?

Answer 56

because lack of these causes bone resorption

Question 57

Does not having kids increase you chance of osteoporosis?

Answer 57

yes

Question 58

bony overgrowths in distal interphalangeal joints 2-3 mm is considered a sign of what?

Answer 58

osteoarthritis

Question 59

swellings of interphalangeal joints is associated with what?

Answer 59

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 60

outward curvation of the spine is called what?

Answer 60

kyphosis

Question 61

What is inward curvation of the spine called?

Answer 61

lordosis

Question 62

What is a sharp angular deformity associated with a collapsed vertebra from osteoporosis?

Answer 62

gibbus

Question 63

A lateral curvature or rib hump shoud mae you suspect (blank)

Answer 63

scoliosis

Question 64

What is the ottawa ankle rule?

Answer 64

used to identify if patients need ankle radiography | tenderness on fibula/tibia and pain in malleolar zone.

Question 65

If you have weakened thumb abduction, probable distribution of symptoms on the katx hand diagram, hypalgesia (decreased pain along thumb and median nerve distribution compared to little finger on same hand) and weak thumb abduction then you have what.

Answer 65

Carpal tunnel

Question 66

If you are older than 55, have tenderness at head of fibula, isolated tenderness of the platella, and inability to flex the knee to 90 degrees then what?

Answer 66

you have passed the ottawa knee rules and you need a knee radiograph

Question 67

a single crease along a babies hand can indicate what?

Answer 67

down syndrome

Question 68

What should be performed for the first year of the babies life to inspect the hips?

Answer 68

barlow-orolani maneuver

Question 69

If an infant has unequal upper leg length this would give them a positive (blank) sign

Answer 69

allis

Question 70

What is a quick way to differentiate between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 70

rheumatoid has a quick onset and osteoarthritis has an insidious onset (long time coming)