Ch 20 Industrial Revolution Terms

Question 0

Richard Arkwright (Water Frame)

Answer 0

1769. Invented the Waterframe Spinning Machine. This used horse or water power to spin yarn.

Question 1

The agricultural revolution (12/1)

Answer 1

Changes in methods of farming and stock breeding that led to increase in food production in Great Britain.

Question 2

James Hargrave (Spinning Jenny)

Answer 2

1768. Invented the Spinning Jenny. It was a machine that spun yarn more quickly than by hand.

Question 3

Samuel Crompton (Mule)

Answer 3

Invented machine that combined the functions of the Spinning Jenny and the Waterframe spinning machine.

Question 4

James Watt

Answer 4

1776. Developed the steam engine.

Question 5

Henry Cort

Answer 5

In 1783 he patented the puddling process for refining iron ore.

Question 6

Jethro Tull

Answer 6

Known for agricultural reforms and inventions such as the seed drill and horse drawn hoe.

Question 7

Richard Trevithick

Answer 7

Made the first steam powered locomotive in 1804.

Question 8

George Stephenson (Rocket)

Answer 8

1829 built the Rocket, a steam powered train. In 1830 his train traveled at 16 mph.

Question 9

Great Exhibition of 1851

Answer 9

The first international exhibition of manufactured products. It was organized by Henry Cole and Prince Albert and was held in a purpose built Crystal Palace in Hyde park.

Question 10

The Crystal Palace

Answer 10

Exhibition palace built of cast iron and glass to house 14,000 exhibitors from around the world for the Great Exhibition of 1851.

Question 11

Credit Mobilier (12/2)

Answer 11

A French banking company influential during the mid 19th century. A major role in financing the railroads. Connected to the worldwide economic depression of the 1870’s.

Question 12

The Irish Potato Famine

Answer 12

1845-1851. A fungus killed the entire potato crop. Very little food to eat in Ireland. Over 1 million Irish died. ( 1/8 population). 1.6 million people emigrated to America.

Question 13

Britain’s Poor Law Commission

Answer 13

Created in 1834 explored problems of community health and suggested means for solving them. Report in 1838 argued cost of solving problems would be cheaper than treating deceases resulting from conditions.

Question 14

Edwin Chadwick

Answer 14

Was an English social reformer noted for his work to reform the poor laws and improve sanitary conditions and public health.

Question 15

Cholera

Answer 15

An infection of the small intestine caused by drinking water or eating food that has been contaminated by feces.

Question 16

Bourgeoisie vs. Proletariat

Answer 16

Marx named two social classes. Bourgeoisie depended on land ownership and proletariat was non ownership of the means of production. They depended on each other as a source of employment or source of profit.

Question 17

Trade Unions

Answer 17

An organization of workers who have come together to achieve common goals such as higher pay, health benefits and retirement.

Question 18

The Factory “working class”

Answer 18

First generation of workers. Conditions terrible. Factories were designed to make money not to keep employees safe.

Question 19

Robert Owen

Answer 19

A Welsh social reformer and one of the founders of the utopian socialism and cooperative movement.

Question 20

The Luddites

Answer 20

Were skilled craftspeople in Northern England who felt their livelihood threatened by the industrial revolution.

Question 21

Chartism/The People’s Charter

Answer 21

Was another response to Industrialization in England. The People’s Charter demanded the right for all makes in England to vote.

Question 22

The Factory Acts

Answer 22

1802, 1819 were bills passed by parliament that limited labor for children under 16. Prohibited it for children under 9. Other laws limited work hours and limited hours.

Question 23

Ten Hours Act (of 1847)

Answer 23

Reduced the work day for children 13-18 years old to only 10 hours each day.

Question 24

Coal Mines Act of 1842

Answer 24

Parliament forbid children under 10 from working in the coal mines.