ch 20

Question 1

isotypes

Answer 1

same number of protons, different number of neutrons = different mass
A
……X
Z

A = mass# = protons + neutrons
Z = atomic # = # protons

Question 2

write isotopes as

Answer 2

X-A
example
symbol - mass number

Question 3

radioactive decay

Answer 3

when nucleus gives off a particle or energy

Question 4

types of radiation

Answer 4

alpha
beta
positron
gamma ray
neutron
emission
capture

Question 5

alpha radiation

Answer 5

swedish fish shape
4
…He
2

Question 6

beta radiation

Answer 6

B or B`
0
….e
-1

Question 7

positron

Answer 7

B+

0
….e
+1

Question 8

gamma ray

Answer 8

0
….v
0

Question 9

neutron

Answer 9

1
…n
0

Question 10

emission of radiation

Answer 10

particle is a product

Question 11

capture of radiation

Answer 11

particle is a reactant

Question 12

beta radiation radioactive decay series

Answer 12

stream of e-, not valence e-, must come from nucleus

neutron –> proton + B- particle

Question 13

radioactive dexcay series; positron

Answer 13

B+
proton –> neutron + positron

Question 14

decay series

Answer 14

isotope decays until a stable isotope is reached
– on graph, red dots on graph represent stable nuclei
red dots make up a narrow band of stability in a sea of instability

Question 15

kinetics of radioactive decay

Answer 15

first order reaction
use first order equations to solve

Question 16

fusion

Answer 16

combine two elements
light elements –> heavy element

Question 17

fission

Answer 17

break apart 2 elements
ex:
235 1
U + n –>
92 0

Question 18

fission chain raction

Answer 18

product of fission powers more fission
used as a power source
releases a lot of energy that heats water –> craetes steam –> turn a turbine –> energy
very dense energy source