Ch. 2 Tree Identification

Question 1

alternate

Answer 1

pertaining to bud or leaf arrangement, one leaf or bud at each node, situated at alternating positions along the stem. In this arrangement, the leaves are not directly across from each other.

Question 2

angiosperm

Answer 2

plant with seeds borne in an ovary. Consists of two large groups: monocotyledons (grasses, palms and related plants) and dicotyledons (most woody trees, shrubs, herbaceous plants, and related plants).

Question 3

bipinnate

Answer 3

double pinnnate

Question 4

broad-leaved

Answer 4

tree that has flat, blade-type leaves and produces seeds inside of fruits.

Question 5

class

Answer 5

taxonomic group below the division level but above the order level.

Question 6

compound leaf

Answer 6

leaf with two or more leaflets

Question 7

conifer

Answer 7

cone-bearing tree or other plant that has its seeds in a structure called a cone

Question 8

cultivar

Answer 8

cultivated variety of a species that cannot be reproduced without human assistance. Usually propagated asexually (cloned).

Question 9

cultivation

Answer 9

the growing and raising of plants

Question 10

deciduous

Answer 10

tree or other plant that sheds all of its foliage annually.

Question 11

entire

Answer 11

term describing a leaf margin without teeth.

Question 12

eudicotyledon (eudicot)

Answer 12

plant with tricolpate (three-grooved) pollen grains and two cotyledons in its embryo. Eudicotyledons constitute the larger of the two great divisions of flowering plants and typically have broad, stalked leaves with net-like veins.

Question 13

family

Answer 13

taxonomic group under the order level and above the genus level.

Question 14

foliage

Answer 14

leaves of a plant.

Question 15

form (forma)

Answer 15

group of plants within a species having distinct variations that occur sporadically and naturally.

Question 16

genus

Answer 16

taxonomic group, composed of species having similar fundamental traits. Botanical classification under the family level and above the species level.

Question 17

gymnosperm

Answer 17

plants with exposed seeds, usually within cones. The classes Ginkgopsida and Coniferopsida are members of the group.

Question 18

hybrid

Answer 18

plant resulting from a cross between two different genera, species, or highly inbred lines within a single species.

Question 19

identification key

Answer 19

dichotomous guide used to help identify plants and other organisms

Question 20

internode

Answer 20

region of the stem between two successive nodes.

Question 21

kingdom

Answer 21

taxonomic group separating plants from animals

Question 22

leaf apex

Answer 22

tip of the leaf blade

Question 23

leaf base

Answer 23

bottom part of the leaf blade

Question 24

leaf margin

Answer 24

outer edge of the leaf blade

Question 25

monocotyledon (monocot)

Answer 25

plant with an embryo that has one single seed leaf (cotyledon). Examples are grasses and palms.

Question 26

morphology

Answer 26

study of the form and structure of plants and other living organisms.

Question 27

node

Answer 27

point on a stem from which leaves, branches, and aerial roots are attached.

Question 28

nomenclature

Answer 28

scientific naming system for living organisms. Scientific names are Latin (or Latinized forms of other languages) and written in italics, the genus first (always starting with capital letter), followed by the specific epithet (always starting with lowercase letter), and together making the species name (e.g., Quercus alba).

Question 29

opposite

Answer 29

pertaining to leaf or branch arrangement, leaves or branches situated two at each node, across from each other on the stem.

Question 30

order

Answer 30

taxonomic group below the class level but above the family level.

Question 31

palmate

Answer 31

type of leaf with veins or leaflets radiating in a fanlike pattern.

Question 32

phylum

Answer 32

primary taxonomic group within a kingdom

Question 33

pinnate

Answer 33

type of compound leaf, with leaflets along each side of a common axis.

Question 34

pith

Answer 34

central core of a stem. Often a lighter color than surrounding tissue.

Question 35

propagation

Answer 35

process of increasing plant numbers, both sexually and asexually

Question 36

serrate

Answer 36

sawtooth margin of a leaf, with the teeth pointed forward

Question 37

simple leaf

Answer 37

single-bladed leaf. Not composed of leaflets.

Question 38

species

Answer 38

taxonomic group of organisms composed of individuals of the same genus that can reproduce among themselves and have similar offspring.

Question 39

specific epithet

Answer 39

classification name that follows the genus name in scientific nomenclature.

Question 40

subspecies

Answer 40

group of plants within a species having distinct differences that occur naturally, usually within a specific geographic region.

Question 41

taxonomy

Answer 41

science that studies the description, denomination, and classification of living organisms based on their similarities and differences.

Question 42

variety

Answer 42

naturally occurring subdivision of a species having a distinct difference and breeding true to that difference.

Question 43

vascular plant

Answer 43

plant with xylem and phloem elements for conducting water, nutrients and photosynthates

Question 44

whorled

Answer 44

leaves, twigs, or branches arranged in a circle around a point on the stem.