Ch. 2 Principles of Drug Action

Question 1

_________________ is the study of the disposition of drugs in the human body: their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.

A. Pharmacokinetics
B. Pharmacodynamics
C. Physiology
D. Pharmacology

Answer 1

A. Pharmacokinetics

Question 2

The extent to which a drug completes the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion depends
on its ability to cross the cell membrane and on

A. How many layers of cells there are
B. How quickly it can do so
C. How strong a dose was given
D. How much food was in the patient’s stomach at the time the drug was given

Answer 2

B. How quickly it can do so

Question 3

The main actions of drugs in the body are what?

A. Metabolizing, stimulating, maintaining, and destroying cells
B. Absorbing, depressing, enhancing, and stimulating
C. Depressing, destroying cells, stimulating, and replacing substances
D. Distributing, metabolizing, replacing, and excreting

Answer 3

C. Depressing, destroying cells, stimulating, and replacing substances

Question 4

Each drug interacts in a different way with normal body processes. These interactions are determined by

A. The size and shape of drug molecules and how easily they dissolve in water or fat
B. The pH balance of drugs and cells
C. The electrical charges of molecules
D. All of these

Answer 4

D. All of these

Question 5

_________________ is the passage of a drug from the site of administration into the bloodstream.

A. Metabolism
B. Absorption
C. Dissipation
D. Distribution

Answer 5

B. Absorption

Question 6

The transportation of a drug from the bloodstream to the body’s tissues and intended site of action is known as

A. Metabolism
B. Movement
C. Absorption
D. Distribution

Answer 6

D. Distribution

Question 7

_________________ is a series of chemical reactions that inactivate a drug by converting it to a water-soluble compound that can be excreted.

A. Metabolism
B. Distribution
C. Digestion
D. Excretion

Answer 7

A. Metabolism

Question 8

Drugs are removed from the body in the same way as ordinary waste products, through?

A. Sweating
B. Metabolism
C. Excretion
D. Distribution

Answer 8

C. Excretion

Question 9

Which of the following factors affect drug action?

A. Age, sex, and diet
B. Genetic makeup
C. Pathological condition
D. All of these

Answer 9

D. All of these

Question 10

A patient’s ______________ is an important factor contributing to the effectiveness of drug therapy because a positive attitude can
play a role in successful treatment.

A. Medical history
B. Mental state
C. Sensitivity to medications
D. Height and weight

Answer 10

B. Mental state

Question 11

Drugs with a _____________ effect are those that must travel through the bloodstream to affect cells or tissues in various parts of the body.

A. Systemic
B. Delayed
C. Systematic
D. Local

Answer 11

A. Systemic

Question 12

The ________________ effect is the desired effect of a drug, or the reason the drug is prescribed and administered.

A. Systemic
B. Side
C. Therapeutic
D. Adverse

Answer 12

C. Therapeutic

Question 13

Drugs can have _____________ effects, which are additional effects on the body that are not part of the goal of drug therapy.

A. Systemic
B. Side
C. Therapeutic
D. Adverse

Answer 13

B. Side

Question 14

What type of drug interaction occurs when two drugs administered together produce a more powerful response than
that of either given separately?

A. Synergism
B. Antagonism
C. Adverse
D. Potentiation

Answer 14

A. Synergism

Question 15

_____________ occurs when administering two drugs at the same time results in one drug increasing the effect of the other.

A. Synergism
B. Antagonism
C. Adverse
D. Potentiation

Answer 15

D. Potentiation

Question 16

A drug interaction in which two drugs inhibit or cancel each other’s effect is known as

A. Synergism
B. Antagonism
C. Adverse
D. Potentiation

Answer 16

B. Antagonism

Question 17

_________________ drug dependence results when the body becomes so accustomed to a particular drug that it needs it to function.

A. Psychological
B. Physiological
C. Physical
D. Psychiatric

Answer 17

C. Physical

Question 18

Commonly abused drugs include

A. Sedatives and hallucinogens
B. Alcohol and nicotine
C. Amphetamines and anabolic steroids
D. All of these

Answer 18

D. All of these

Question 19

Healthcare workers can help prevent drug misuse and abuse by

A. Keeping medications locked away when they are not being used
B. Administering only prescribed medications
C. Observing patients for signs of drug dependence or misuse
D. All of these

Answer 19

D. All of these

Question 20

Health professionals can help prevent patients from experiencing adverse reactions by

A. Being aware of possible reactions to each drug administered
B. Being sure to ask patients about any allergies or sensitivities
C. Notifying a supervisor if any sign of an adverse reaction is observed
D. All of these

Answer 20

D. All of these

Question 21

After taking several doses of medicine, Bill no longer seems to be affected by the drug. This may be a symptom of what?

Answer 21

Tolerance

Question 22

Mrs. Jones gets a stronger drug effect with each additional dose of her medication. She may be showing signs of what?

Answer 22

Cumulative effect

Question 23

A drug interaction wherein two drugs inhibit or cancel the action of the other is called what?

Answer 23

Antagonism

Question 24

You have recently given Mr. Smith a medication ordered by his doctor. Mr. Smith is not reacting to the drug
the way you expected. In talking with him, you discover that he has also been taking medication he brought
with him from home. You suspect that his adverse reaction is due to a(n) what?

Answer 24

Drug interaction