CH. 2- Overview/Neuroanatomy

Question 1

Motor speech disorder

Answer 1

speech disorders resulting from neurologic impairment that affects planning, programming, control, or execution of speech

Question 2

Dysarthria

Answer 2

• impacts any stage
• not planned or unexpected
• alterations in speed, force, range, accuracy, coordination of movements requried
• disorder of movement

Question 3

Apraxia of speech

Answer 3

• impacts planning & programming
• higher level functioning
• impairment of position of musculature (sequencing muscle movements)
• articulatory

Question 4

primary motor cortex

Answer 4

• UMN originates from this area
• located in frontal lobe
• initiate and control movements

Question 5

primary sensory cortex

Answer 5

• processes sensory info from body
• general sensory path

Question 6

superior temporal gyrus

Answer 6

• located in temporal lobe
• auditory processing
• S+L comprehension
• social cognition
• emotional perception

Question 7

premotor cortex

Answer 7

• located in frontal lobe
• motor control & planning

Question 8

inferior temporal gyrus

Answer 8

• located in frontal lobe
• cognitive functions

Question 9

supra marginal gyrus

Answer 9

• located in parietal lobe
• cognitive & sensory functions

Question 10

Structures/Muscles innervated by CN VII (Facial)

Answer 10

• muscles of mastication
• mylohyoid
• anterior belly of digastric
• tensor tympani
• tensor veli palatini

Question 11

brainstem location of nuclei for Facial Nerve VII

Answer 11

pons

Question 12

UMN/LMN pathways

Answer 12

responsible for direct execution of movement

Question 13

control circuits

Answer 13

regulate and refine movement

Question 14

Pathway of UMN

Answer 14

• originiates in primary motor cortex, but also supplementary motor area & somatosensory association area
• cortex to brainstem/spinal cord to indirect/direct pathway

Question 15

direct pathway UMN

Answer 15

aka pyramidal system
- motor cortex to medulla to corticobulbar or corticospinal to LMN (spinal)

• voluntary skilled movements

Question 16

Pathway of LMN

Answer 16

• recieves signals from UMN, exit the brainstem/spinal cord, travel to muscles (produce movement)
• integrated activity of LMN result in movement

Question 16

indirect pathway UMN

Answer 16

aka extrapyramidal system
- motor cortex to red nucleus/reticular nuclei, to LMN (spinal)

• makes connections
• modulates posture, tone, movements