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PSY201 > Ch. 2 Models of Abnormality > Flashcards

Ch. 2 Models of Abnormality Flashcards

1
Q

model

A

a set of assumptions and concepts that help explain, interpret observations

(aka) paradigm

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2
Q

neuron

A

nerve cell

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3
Q

Huntington’s disease

A

disorder marked by violent emotional outbursts, memory loss, suicidal thinking, involuntary body movements and absurd beliefs
- result of loss of cells in basal ganglia and cortex

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4
Q

psychotropic medication

A

drug that mainly effects emotions and thought processes

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5
Q

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

A

form of biology treatment brain seizure treatment

- usually only for severe cases of depression where no other therapy works

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6
Q

psychosurgery

A

(neurosurgery) brain surgery for mental disorders

- used as last resort

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7
Q

id

A

(psychodynamic) psychological force that produces instinctual needs, drives y impulses
- pleasure principle
- impulsive
- fueled by libido

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8
Q

pleasure principle

A

(psychodynamic) always seeks gratification

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9
Q

libido

A

(psychodynamic) sexual energy that fuels id

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10
Q

ego

A

(psychodynamic) psychological force employing reason and operates w/ reality principle
- reality principle
- controls id impulses
- defense mechanisms

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11
Q

reality principle

A

(psychodynamic) acquired knowledge through experience that may be unacceptable to id

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12
Q

superego

A

(psychodynamic) psychological force representing person’s values and ideas
- conscience

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13
Q

fixation

A

(psychodynamic) stuck at a developmental stage

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14
Q

developmental stages

A 
oral stage
anal stage
phallic stage
latency stage
genital stage

(psychodynamic)

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15
Q

free association

A

(psychodynamic) patient describes any thought, feeling, or images that come to mind, even if unimportant
- in hopes that unconscious will reveal unconscious events

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16
Q

resistance

A

(psychodynamic) unconscious refusal to participate fully in therapy

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17
Q

transference

A

(psychodynamic) redirection toward therapist feelings associated w/ important figures in patient’s life now or in the past

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18
Q

dream

A

(psychodynamic) series of ideas and images formed during sleep

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19
Q

manifest content

A

(psychodynamic) consciously remembered dream

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20
Q

latent content

A

(psychodynamic) relieving of past repressed feelings in order to settle internal conflicts and overcome problems

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21
Q

behavior

A

responses an organism makes to its environment

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22
Q

conditioning

A

(behavior) forms of learning

23
Q

operant conditioning

A

(behavior) process of learning in which behavior leads to satisfying consequences is more likely to be repeated
- rewards

24
Q

reward

A

(behavior) satisfying consequence

25
Q

classical conditioning

A

(behavior) process of learning by temporal association in which two events that repeatedly occur close together will in time become fused in person’s mind and produce same response

26
Q

systemization desensitization

A

(behavior) clients w/ phobia learns to react calmly instead of w/ intense fear to objects, situations they dread

27
Q

phobia

A

(behavior) a specific and unrealistic fear

28
Q

self-efficacy

A

(behavior) confidence in own ability to succeed

29
Q

overgeneralization

A

(cognitive) drawing broad negative conclusions on basis of single insignificant event

30
Q

cognitive therapy

A

therapy that helps people recognize and change their faulty thinking processes

31
Q

humanistic

A

model that believes humans are born w/ natural tendencies to be friendly, cooperative, and constructive

32
Q

self-actualization

A

(humanistic) process by which people fulfill their potential for goodness and growth

33
Q

existentialist

A

model that believes humans must have accurate awareness of self and live meaningful, authentic lives to be well-adjusted

34
Q

client-centered therapy

A

(humanistic) help by conveying acceptance, accurate empathy and genuineness

35
Q

gestalt therapy

A

humanistic therapy more focused on self-recognition and acceptance by role-playing
- may challenge and frustrate client

36
Q

skillful frustration

A

(gestalt) therapist refuse to meet client expectations and demands
- meant to help people see how they try to manipulate others into meeting their needs

37
Q

role-playing

A

(gestalt) clients act out various roles
- may be cathartic
- goal: client comes to own/accept feelings that previously made them uncomfortable

38
Q

existential therapy

A

encourages to accept responsibility for lives and live w/ greater meaning/value

39
Q

sociocultural model

A

abnormal behavior should be observed @ broad forces that influence person

(ie) culture, environment

40
Q

family systems theory

A

(sociocultural) theory that views the family as a system of interacting parts whose interactions exhibit consistent patterns and unstated rules
- causes of abnorm: enmeshed structure or disengagement

41
Q

enmeshed structure

A

(sociocultural) family where members are grossly overinvolved
- causes abnorm functioning

42
Q

disengagement

A

(sociocultural) rigid boundaries btwn members

- child will have difficult time functioning in groups or giving/requesting support

43
Q

group therapy

A

(sociocultural) therapy format in which a group of people w/ the same problem meet w/ therapist or professional to work on the problem

44
Q

self-help group

A

(sociocultural) same problems come together to help/support each other w/out professional leader
(aka) mutual help group

45
Q

family therapy

A

(sociocultural) format where therapist meets w/ all family members and help to change therapeutic ways

46
Q

structural family therapy

A

(sociocultural) approach where therapist changes family power structure, roles each person plays and member’s relationships

47
Q

conjoint family therapy

A

(sociocultural) help members recognize and change harmful patterns of communication

48
Q

couple (marital) therapy

A

(sociocultural) therapist works w/ two individuals who are in a long-term relationship

49
Q

cognitive-behavioral couple therapy

A

(sociocultural) use techniques from cognitive/behavioral perspectives
- teach problem solving and communication skills

50
Q

integrative couple therapy

A

(sociocultural) help couple accept behavior they cannot change and embrace relationship nevertheless

51
Q

culture

A

set of values, attitudes, beliefs, history and behaviors shared by group of people and passed on

52
Q

multicultural (culturally diverse) perspective

A

each culture w/in larger society has particular set of values and beliefs, as well as specific external pressures that help account for behavior of members

53
Q

culture-sensitive therapy

A

therapy that seeks to address unique issues faced by cultural minority groups

PSY201 (3 decks)

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