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PSY201 > Ch. 1 Abnormal Psychology: Past & Present > Flashcards

Ch. 1 Abnormal Psychology: Past & Present Flashcards

1
Q

abnormal psychology

A

the scientific study of abnormal behavior in effort to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning

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2
Q

clinical scientist

A

gathers information systematically for abnorm psych to explain, describe, predict phenomena

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3
Q

clinical practitioner

A

person who detects, assesses and treats abnorm patterns of fcn

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4
Q

the four D’s of abnorm psych

A

deviance
distress
dysfunctional
dangerous

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5
Q

deviance

A

different, extreme, unusual

- mood congruent affect

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6
Q

distress

A

unpleasant and upsetting to person

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7
Q

dysfunctional

A

interferes w/ daily functioning
- upsets, distracts, or confuses people so they can’t care for themselves properly, participate in ordinary social interactions, or work productivity

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8
Q

dangerous

A

brings risk/harm to self or others

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9
Q

norms

A

stated or unstated rules for proper conduct

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10
Q

abnormal

A

behavior, thoughts, emotions that break norms of psychological functioning
- vary from society to society

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11
Q

culture

A

history, values, institutions, habits, skills, technology and arts of a society

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12
Q

treatment

A

(therapy) a procedure designed to change abnormal behavior into more normal behavior

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13
Q

trephination

A

operation w/ trephine (stone instrument)

  • used to cut away circular section of skull
  • ancient treatment
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14
Q

humor

A

bodily chemical that influence mental/physical functioning

- Hippocrates

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15
Q

tarantism

A

(Saint Vitus’ dance) groups of people dance, jump and go into convulsions

  • convinced they’re bitten by tarantula
  • cure by performing dance
  • Middle Ages
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16
Q

lycanthropy

A

people thought they were possessed by wolves or other animals
- Middle Ages

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17
Q

asylum

A

institutions created to cure for people w/ mental illness

- popular during Renaissance

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18
Q

moral treatment

A

19th Cent. approach to treating people w/ mental dysfunction

- emphasis: moral guidance y humane respectful treatment

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19
Q

state hospital

A

state-run public mental US institutions

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20
Q

somatogenic perspective

A

view that abnormal psychology functioning that has physical cuases

(ie) nts imbalance - depression

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21
Q

psychogenic perspective

A

view that chief causes of abnormal functioning due to psychological causes

(ie) depression = situational

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22
Q

hypnotism

A

a procedure that places people in a trancelike mental state during which they become extremely suggestive

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23
Q

mesmerism

A

healing of pain, numbness or paralysis via hypnosis and touching ailment

24
Q

psychoanalysis

A

a form of discussion in which clinician help troubled person gain insight into their unconscious psych process

25
Q

outpatient therapy

A

treatment where patient interacts w/ therapist for given time and returns to daily activity

26
Q

psychotropic medication

A

drugs that primarily affect the brain and reduces symptoms of mental dysfunctioning

27
Q

antipsychotic drug

A

drug that corrects extremely confused and distorted thinking

28
Q

antidepressant drug

A

drug that lifts mood of depressed people

29
Q

antianxiety drug

A

drug that reduces tension and worry

30
Q

deinstitutionalization

A

(1950s) releasing hundreds of thousands of patients from public mental hospitals
- primary treatment = outpatient therapy

31
Q

private psychotherapy

A

arrangement where individual pays direct counseling service to a psychotherapist

  • expensive
  • available only to wealthy who could afford
32
Q

prevention

A

interventions aimed @ deterring mental disorders before they develop
- for people at risk

33
Q

positive psychology

A

study and enhancement of positive feelings, traits and abilities

34
Q

multicultural psychology

A

field of psychology that examines the impact of culture, race, ethnicity, gender and similar factors on our behavior and thoughts
- includes abnormal behavior/thoughts

35
Q

managed care program

A

system of health care coverage in which the insurance company largely controls the nature, scope and cost of med/psych services

  • dominant form of coverage
  • therapists/clients no like, not enough time for best treatment
36
Q

case study

A

detailed description of person’s life and psychology problems
- includes client history, present symptoms

37
Q

correlation

A

degree to which events/characteristics vary with each intro

38
Q

correlation method

A

a research procedure used to determine how much events/characteristics vary along with each other

39
Q

positive correlation

A

variables change the same way

40
Q

negative correlation

A

value of one variable increases as the other decreases

41
Q

unrelated

A

variables do not affect one another

42
Q

correlation coefficient

A

ranges from +1 to -1

- measures reliability

43
Q

epidemiological study

A

a study that measures the incidence and prevalence of a disorder in a given population

44
Q

incidence

A

number of new cases emerging in given time

45
Q

prevalence

A

total number of cases in population during a specific time

- includes new and old cases

46
Q

experiment

A

procedure where variable is manipulated and manipulation effect while another variable is observed

47
Q

independent variable

A

manipulated variable

48
Q

experimental variable

A

variable being observed

49
Q

confound

A

variable, other than independent variable, that may also affect dependent variable

50
Q

control group

A

a group of participants who are not exposed to independent variable but in similar everything else is the same

51
Q

experimental group

A

group exposed to independent group

52
Q

experimenter bias

A

experimenters unintentionally transmit desires/perceptions to participants

53
Q

Rosenthal effect

A

treat placebo and experimental participants differently

54
Q

quasi-experiment

A

(mixed designs) experiment in which control and experimental groups are real people (already exist)

(ie) study children w/ no history of child abuse + children w/ history of abuse

55
Q

natural experiment

A

experiment in which nature manipulates independent variable

(ie) study aftereffects of earthquake on people

56
Q

analogue experiment

A

experiment where abnormal behavior is created in lab

57
Q

single-subject experimental design

A

method observing a single subject, measured before and after manipulation of independent variable

PSY201 (3 decks)

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