Ch 2: Measurement and Problem Solving

Question 1

What are the SI units for:
length
mass
time
temperature
amount of substance
electric current
luminous intensity

Answer 1

Meter (m)
Kilogram (kg)
Second (s)
Kelvin (K)
Mole (mol)
Ampere (A)
candela (cd)

Question 2

How is the meter defined?

Answer 2

The standard of length:The definition of a meter, established by international agreement in 1983, is the distance that light travels in vacuum in 1/299,792,458 s (The speed of light is 299,792,458 m/s.).

Question 3

How is the kilogram defined?

Answer 3

The standard of mass: The kilogram is defined as the mass of a block of metal kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures at Sèvres, France. A duplicate is kept at the National Institute of Standards and Technology near Washington, D.C.

Question 4

How is a second defined?

Answer 4

The standard of time:The second is defined, using an atomic clock, as the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation emitted from a certain transition in a cesium-133 atom.

Question 5

What does M mean?

Answer 5

mega-
million
10^6
1,000,000

Question 6

What does k mean?

Answer 6

kilo-
thousand
10^3
1,000

Question 7

What does d mean?

Answer 7

deci-
tenth
10^-1
0.1

Question 8

What does c mean?

Answer 8

centi-
hundredth
10^-2
0.01

Question 9

What does m mean?

Answer 9

milli-
thousandth
10^-3
0.001

Question 10

What does μ mean?

Answer 10

micro-
millionth
10^-6
0.000001

Question 11

A kilogram is equivalent to how many lbs?

Answer 11

1 kg = 2.205 lbs

Question 12

An inch is equivalent to how many cm?

Answer 12

1 in = 2.54 cm

Question 13

A mile is equivalent to how many km?

Answer 13

1 mi = 1.609

Question 14

A liter is equivalent to how many quarts?

Answer 14

1 L = 1.057 qt

Question 15

What is a derived unit?

Answer 15

A unit formed from other units.
E.g. many units of volume, a measure of space, are derived units (m^3, cm^3, mm^3)
L and mL are NOT derived units

Question 16

What kind of numbers have an unlimited number of significant figures?

Answer 16

discrete objects, defined quantities, and conversion factors

Question 17

What numbers are ambiguous?

Answer 17

Trailing zeros at the end of a number, but before an implied decimal point, and should be avoided

Question 18

What is the rule for rounding?

Answer 18

Use only the last digit being dropped to decide in which direction to round. Ignore all digits to the right of it.

Question 19

What is the rounding rule for multiplication and division?

Answer 19

Round only at the end. The result of multiplication and division carries the same number of significant figures as the factor with the fewest significant figures.

Question 20

What is the rounding rule for addition and subtraction?

Answer 20

The result carries the same number of decimal places as the quantity carrying the fewest decimal places.

Question 21

What is the rule for rounding both multiplication/division and addition/subtraction?

Answer 21

Do the steps in parentheses first, determine the correct number of significant figures in the intermediate answer without rounding, then do the remaining steps.

Question 22

What is mass?

Answer 22

A measure of the quantity of matter with it.

Question 23

What is weight?

Answer 23

A measure of the gravitational pull on that matter.

Question 24

What is volume?

Answer 24

A measure of space.

Question 25

How do you convert from F degrees to C degrees?

Answer 25

C= (F-32)/1.8

Question 26

How do you convert from C to F?

Answer 26

F= C x 1.8 + 32

Question 27

How do you convert from C to K?

Answer 27

K= C + 273.15

Question 28

What is density?

Answer 28

The ratio of its mass to its volume

Question 29

How can you calculate density?

Answer 29

D = m/V

Question 30

How many feet are in a mile?

Answer 30

5280 feet