Ch 2 Chemistry

Question 1

Chemistry

Answer 1

The science that deals with the composition of matter

Question 2

Microbiology

Answer 2

The study of microscopic plant and animals

Question 3

Pharmacology

Answer 3

The study of drugs

Question 4

Elements

Answer 4

Substances from which all matter is made

92 natural elements
20 & growing created elements

Question 5

“O”
“C”
“H”
“N”
“Ca”
“P”
“K”
“S”
“Na”
“Fe”

Answer 5

O= oxygen
C= carbon
H= hydrogen
N= nitrogen
Ca = calcium
P= phosphorus
K= potassium
S= sulfur
Na = sodium
Fe= iron

Question 6

Elements made of

Answer 6

Atoms

Question 7

Nucleus contains

Answer 7

Protons and neutrons

Makes atomic weight

Question 8

Energy level shell contains

Answer 8

The electron charge

Question 9

The electrons are held into orbit due to their

Answer 9

Natural attraction to protons

Question 10

Atomic number is equal to

Answer 10

Protons and electrons in atom

Question 11

Chemical bonds

Answer 11

Electrons can transfer or share to from a chemical bond with another arom

Question 12

Ionic bond

Answer 12

Exchange of electrons between atoms

Question 13

Covalent bond

Answer 13

Sharing of electrons between atoms

Question 14

Ions

Answer 14

Atoms that have a charge

Question 15

Cation

Answer 15

Positively charged atom

Question 16

Anion

Answer 16

Negatively charged atom

Question 17

Molecule

Answer 17

Two or more ATOMS bonded together chemically

Question 18

Compound

Answer 18

Two or more ELEMENTS bound together chemically

Question 19

Functions of water

Answer 19

Carry substances in & out of cells
Provides constant environment for cells
Is the universal solvent
Distributes heat to all parts of the body
Participates in chemical reaction in the body

Question 20

Mixtures

Answer 20

Blend of two or more substances

Question 21

Solution

Answer 21

Defined as when a mixture even,y distributed

Question 22

Suspension

Answer 22

Mixture unevenly suspended

Question 23

Solvent

Answer 23

The dissolving substance

Ex water

Question 24

Solute

Answer 24

The substance being disssolves

Ex salt

Question 25

Colloid

Answer 25

Molecules don’t dissolve but remain equally distributed

Question 26

Types of compounds and what they do

Answer 26

Acid - capable of donating H atom Base - able to accept H atom Salts- reaction between acids and bases

Question 27

PH scale measures

Answer 27

Acidity of solution Amount of H atoms

Question 28

PH of 7.0 is

Answer 28

Neutral

Question 29

Blood has a PH balance of

Answer 29

7.4

Question 30

PH of less than 7.0 is

Answer 30

Acidic

Question 31

As PH number goes down acidity goes

Answer 31

Up

Question 32

PH above 7.0 is

Answer 32

Alkaline Basic Low concentration Fewer H atoms

Question 33

Buffers

Answer 33

Are in the blood to help prevent “sharp” changes in body’s PH level

Question 34

Isotopes

Answer 34

Are atoms of same element in different form Occurs when atoms have the same number of protons different number of neutrons Atomic weight changes

Question 35

Unstable isotopes usually emit

Answer 35

Radioactive decay

Question 36

Radioisotope

Answer 36

Isotopes emitting radioactive decay

Question 37

Radioactivity is from

Answer 37

The nuclei

Question 38

Radioisotope is used for

Answer 38

Killing cells and diagnosing disease

Question 39

Organic compounds

Answer 39

Living thing that contains carbom

Question 40

4 organic compounds

Answer 40

Carbohydrates - simple sugars Lipids - fats Proteins- muscle cartilage bone connective tissue Enzymes - form of proteins for metabolism