Ch 2 - Basic Concepts

Question 1

measurement

Answer 1

the assignment of numbers to objects

Question 2

scales of measurement

Answer 2

characteristics of relations among numbers assigned to objects

Question 3

nominal scale

Answer 3

numbers used only to distinguish among objects

Question 4

ordinal scale

Answer 4

numbers used only to place objects in order

Question 5

interval scale

Answer 5

scale on which equal intervals btwn objects represent equal differences - differences are meaningful

Question 6

ratio scale

Answer 6

a scale w/ a true zero point - ratios are meaningful

Question 7

variables

Answer 7

properties of objects or events that can take on different values

Question 8

discrete variables

Answer 8

variables that take on a small set of possible values

Question 9

continuous variables

Answer 9

variables that take on any value

Question 10

independent variables

Answer 10

those variables controlled by the experimenter

Question 11

dependent variables

Answer 11

the variables being measured; the data or score

Question 12

random assignment

Answer 12

the allocation of assignment of participants to groups by a random process

Question 13

sigma ∑

Answer 13

symbol indicating summation

Question 14

constant

Answer 14

a number that does not change in value in a given situation