Ch 2 Flashcards

1
Q

cost object

A

anything for which cost data are desired

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2
Q

direct cost

A

daily and conveniently traced to a specific cost object

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3
Q

indirect cost

A

cannot be easily and conveniently trace to specified cost object

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4
Q

common cost

A

incurred to support a number o cost injects but cannot be trace to them individually; it also an indirect cost

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5
Q

raw materials

A

the materials that go into the final product

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6
Q

direct materials

A

become an integral part of the finished product and who cost and be conveniently trace to the finished product

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7
Q

indirect materials

A

include as part of manufacturing overhead

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8
Q

direct labor

A

can be easily (physically and conveniently) faced to the individual units of product

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9
Q

indirect labor

A

cannot be physically traced to a particle product or that can be traced only at great cost and inconvenience

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10
Q

manufacturing overhead

A

third cost category; all manufacturing costa except direct material and direct labor

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11
Q

selling costs

A

incurred to secure customer orders and get the finished product to the customer

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12
Q

administrative costs

A

associate with the general management of an organization rather than with the manufacturing or selling

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13
Q

product costs

A

all costs involved in acquiring or making a product

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14
Q

inventoriable costs

A

when product costs are initially assigned to inventors

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15
Q

period costs

A

all costs that are not product costs

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16
Q

prime costs

A

sum o f direct material cost and direct labor cost

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17
Q

conversion cost

A

sum of direct labor cost and manufacturing overhead cost

18
Q

cost behavior

A

how a cost reacts to changes in the level o activity

19
Q

cost structure

A

the relative proportion os each type of cost in a n organization

20
Q

variable cost

A

varies, in total, in direct proportion to changes in the level of activity.

21
Q

activity base

A

a measure of whatever causes the incurring of a variable cost

22
Q

fixed cost

A

remains constant,in total, regardless of changes in the level of activity

23
Q

committed fixed costs

A

represent organization investment with a multiyear planning horizon that can’t be significantly reduced even for short period of time without making fundamental changes

24
Q

discretionary fixed costs

A

often referred to as managed fixed costs usually arise form annual decisions by management to spend on certain fixed cost items

25
Q

relevant range

A

range o f activity thing which the assumption that cost behavior is strictly linear is reasonably valid

26
Q

mixed cost

A

contains both variable and fixed cost elements

27
Q

accounting analysis

A

an account is classified as either variable or fixed base on the analyst’s prior knowledge of how the cost in the account behaves

28
Q

engineering approach

A

involves a detailed analysis of what cost behavior should be, based on an industrial engineer’s evaluation o the production methods to be used, the materials specification, labor requirements, equipment usage, production efficiency, power consumption, and so on

29
Q

dependent variable

A

cost. because the mont of cost incurred during a period depends on the level of activity for the period.

30
Q

independent variable

A

activity. because it causes variations in the cost

31
Q

cost behavior is considered ___

A

linear

32
Q

linear

A

whenever a straight line is a reasonable approximation for the relation between cost and activity

33
Q

high-low method

A

to analyze mixed costs. identifying the period with the lowest level of activity and then the period with he hinges level of activity

34
Q

least-squares regression method

A

uses all of the data to separate a mixed cost into its fixed and variable components

35
Q

contribution approach

A

the crucial distinction between fixed and variable costs is as the heart of the ___ approach to constructing income statements

36
Q

contribution margin

A

the amount remain from sales revenues after variable expenses have been deducted

37
Q

differential costs

A

a difference in costs between any two alternatives

38
Q

differential revenue

A

a difference in revenues (usually just sales) between any two alternatives

39
Q

opportunity cost

A

the potential benefit that is given up when one alternative is selected over another

40
Q

sunk cost

A

a cost that has already been incurred and cannot bet change by any decision made now or in the future