CH 2 Flashcards
sociobiology
application of evolutionary biology to understanding social behavior of animals including humans
how does evolution occur
-natural selection
-animals that are best adapted to the environment are more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass on genes to the next generation
how do humans choose mates
-physical attractiveness
-physique and complexion
-
what are the obstacles to reproductive success
-infant vulnerability
-maternal death
sexual selection (darwin)
selection that creates differences between male and female
what are the 2 processes for sexual selection
1.) competition among members of one gender for mating access to members of the other gender
2.) preferential choice by members of 1 gender for certain members of the other gender
what are some criticisms of sociobiology
-objection to see biological determinism
-outmoded version of evolutionary theory
short term mating (women)
choose partner that gives immediate resources
long term mating (women)
able and willing to provide for the indefinite future
what are the psychological theories
1.) psychoanalytic
2.) learning
3.) social exchange
4.) cognitive
what are the 2 major forces motivating human behavior
1.) libido
2.) thanatos (death instinct)
what are the 3 major parts of the human personality
1.) id
2.) ego
3.) superego
id
basic part of the personality present at birth
-reservoir of psychic energy, operates on pleasure principle
-irrational
ego
-reality principle
-realistic, rational interactions with others
superego
-conscience
-values and ideals of society
-idealism