Ch 19: Secondary Economic Activities

Question 1

What would be an input, processes and output of an crips factory?

Answer 1

Input= potatoes 
Process= cutting and baking
Output = crisps

Question 2

What are the factors affecting the location of an industry?

Answer 2

1) Resource material
2) labour
3) transport facilities
4) markets
5) services
6) capital
7) EU policy
8) the preferences of entrepreneurs

Question 3

What are resource materials?

Answer 3

They are the ingredients used to make a product. They are the inputs of any factory.

Question 4

What is the system in a factory?

Answer 4

The factory takes in the inputs
It processes the inputs
It produces an output

Question 5

How does labour influence

The location of an industry?

Answer 5

The type of industry will determine the workforce that is needed. The type of workforce will affect where the industry locates

Question 6

What are the factors of labour?

Answer 6

1) Qualifications
2) Language
3) costs
4) source

Question 7

What modes of transport are there?

Answer 7

1) Road
2) Rail
3) Air
4) sea
5) rivers and canals

Question 8

How do markets affect the location of industry’s?

And give examples of different types of markets

Answer 8

Industries sometimes locate close to their markets. The market can vary in size, depending on the type of product being sold 
Eg. 1) Regional
       2) National 
       3) European
       4) Global

Question 9

How does services affect the location of industry’s?

Answer 9

The services used by industry include energy, water and telecommunications. Factories will locate where good services are available.

Question 10

What is capital?

Answer 10

Capital is the money required to set up a buissness. This money may come from the investors or from government grants.

Question 11

How does Government policy affect the location of industry’s?

Answer 11

The Government can prevent industries from locating in certain areas or countries.

Question 12

What does the IDA stand for and what does it do?

Answer 12

IDA stands for ‘‘The Industrial Development Agency. They work to attract foreign investors to Ireland.

Question 13

How does EU policy affect the location of an industry?

Answer 13

When an industry locates in the EU, it gains access to the EU market. Industries which set up In Ireland are governed by EU regulations.

Question 14

What is the preferences of entrepreneurs or local communities?

Answer 14

Entrepreneurs are people who take risks involving a buissness venture. They will look for the ideal location for their industry.

Local communities are social groups, who normally have shared interests. They are against the industry setting up.

Question 15

What is a heavy industry?

And give examples

Answer 15

A heavy industry is one in Which the resource material and the goods produced are bulky and heavy.

Eg: 1) Iron and steel manufacturing

   2) Cement manufacturing 
   3) Heavy engineering

Question 16

What is a light industry?

And give an example

Answer 16

A light industry is one in which the resource materials and the goods produced are small, light and easily transportable.

Eg: 1) Electronic products

   2) Textiles and clothing 
   3) Pharmaceuticals

Question 17

What does MNC stand for and what are they?

Answer 17

MNC stands for Mutlinational Corporations . They are companies which operate in several countries at the same time.

Question 18

What are the advantages and disadvantages of MNC’s?

Answer 18

Advantages:
. MNC’s provide direct employment
. This generates income in the economy

Disadvantages:
. Decisions are made by the headquarters in the parent country, and may not take into account the needs of the local community.

Question 19

What are footloose industries?

Answer 19

Footloose industries are industries that can locate in aside range of places

Question 20

There is a number of reasons why footloose industries are so flexible. What are they?

Answer 20

1) Services
2) Market
3) Energy
4) Transport
5) Labours

Question 21

What is industrial inertia?

Answer 21

Industrial inertia is when an industry has reasons to relocate but decides to remain in its original location.

Question 22

The British iron and steel industry has changed over time. Describe this through the 18th to the 20th century.

Answer 22

In the 18th century, Britain ironworks were small. They had to locate beside iron mines as transport systems were poor

In the 19th century Britain’s ironworks remained on the coalfields. Canals and railways were built to transport the bulky resource material of iron and coal.

In the twentieth century Britain’s coalfields were rapidly being used up.
The production of iron and steel became more efficient, as less coal was needed for the smelting process.

Question 23

Where have britians ironworks moved now?

Answer 23

They have moved to the coasts, as resource materials and finished goods could be transported easily by sea.

Question 24

What did Sheffield steel do and how did the company survive?

Answer 24

Sheffield steel remained in its original location. It is an eg of industrial inertia.
It survived because….
1) Sheffield produced high quality, expensive steel
2) it had a highly skilled work force located in the area.
3) the smelters were modernised
4) a good customer base was already established
5) the government assisted them

Question 25

What are Developed countries like for women in industry?

Answer 25

Developed countries are mostly located in the north. In these countries, many women are in paid employment outside the home. The job opportunities are the greatest there.

Question 26

What are developing countries like for women industry?

Answer 26

In developing countries, many women still work on the home. Most women's ice in rural areas, where there are few job places. In urban areas some women work in clothing and textile industries.
They face difficulties such as:
. Long working hours
. Poor pay and working conditions 
. Having no involvement in decisions

Question 27

There has been he advances in the involvement of the Irish women in the workforce. What happened in 1998?

Answer 27

In 1998, women made up 38.6 per cent of the Irish workforce.

Question 28

What was the per cent of the women in the Irish workforce on 2005?

Answer 28

41.8 per cent.

Question 29

What are the factors that changed the role of women in industry?

Answer 29

1) Education
2) Law
3) Families
4) Economics
5) changing attitudes

Question 30

Explain the factors of the change in the role of women in industry

Answer 30

Education: The introduction of free secondary education for all in the 1970’s gave girls better access to education.
Law: The employment Equality Acts made discrimination based on gender illegal
Families: the traditional view of women as mothers and wives changed

Question 31

What is acid rain?

Answer 31

Acid rain is the term to describe acid precipitation,which occurs when sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide mixes with any type of precipitation such as rain,snow and hail

Question 32

What is used to measure acidity?

Answer 32

The PH scale

Question 33

What damage is caused by acid rain?

Answer 33

1) acid rain wears away metal and statues and buildings
2) acid rain makes the land more acidic. The land is less suitable for growing crops. Crops can also be damaged
3) acid rain can damage trees because of the nitrogen

Question 34

What are the effects of global warming in the world?

Answer 34

1) famine and drought become common in many areas

2) ice caps are melting. The resulting increase in sea levels could flood low-lying areas