Ch. 18 Lipids

Question 1

Lipids can be categorized into…

Answer 1

Saponifiable and Nonsaponifiable

Question 2

Saponification

Answer 2

Making of Soap

Question 3

What kind of lipids can be saponifiable?

Answer 3

Simple Lipids and Complex Lipids

Question 4

What kind of lipids that are Nonsaponifiable

Answer 4

Steroids

Question 5

What make up Simple lipids?

Answer 5

Triglycerides and Waxes

Question 6

What makes up complex lipids?

Answer 6

Phosphoglycerides

Question 7

What are Lipids made up of?

Answer 7

Fatty Acids

Question 8

What are Fatty Acids?

Answer 8

They are long-chain carboxylic acids.
Nonpolar, hydrophobic tail
Polar, hydrophilic head

Question 9

Amino acids have what type of an acid group?

Answer 9

Carboxylic acid

Question 10

How many carbons does fatty acids have?

Answer 10

10 - 20 Carbons
(They have an even number of carbons)

Question 11

Fatty Acid chains can be saturated or unsaturated. If it is an unsaturated Hydro-carbon, what kind of bond will it have?

Answer 11

A double or triple bond.

Question 12

A body can produce saturated fats when it has more…

Answer 12

energy

Question 13

Saturated Fats are…

Answer 13

BAD >:(

Question 14

Unsaturated Fats are…

Answer 14

Healthy :)

Question 15

What does branching do to physical property?

Answer 15

It decreases the physical property and melting point goes down.

Question 16

More saturation means

Answer 16

lowering the physical properties

Question 17

Essential Fatty Acids that the body CANNOT synthesize are:

Answer 17

-Linoleic Acids (an omega-6 fatty acid)

-Linolenic Acids (an omega-3 fatty acid)

Question 18

What type of fats do our bodies synthesize?

Answer 18

Saturated fats

Question 19

Triglyceride

Answer 19

has glycerol (3 carbon alcohol)

Question 20

A triglyceride that is a solid at room temperature, is ….

Answer 20

Fat

Question 21

A triglyceride that is a liquid at room temperature, is…

Answer 21

Oil

Question 22

Tri glyceride with NaOH ( Sodium Hydroxide) can produce

Answer 22

Fatty Acid Salts (Base)

Question 23

Triglyceride with H2 / Ni can produce

Answer 23

A more saturated triglyceride

Question 24

Breaking apart water is…

Answer 24

Hydrolysis

Question 25

Polysaccharides and Triglycerides can use what to be broken apart

Answer 25

Hydrolysis

Question 26

The three reactions of Triglycerides are

Answer 26

Hydrolysis, Hydrogenation, and Saponification.

Question 27

The suffix "-ate" means what?

Answer 27

Unpropanated

Question 28

Hydrogenated makes more

Answer 28

Saturation

Question 29

Waxes

Answer 29

esters of a long chain fatty acids and a long chain alcohols

Question 30

Waxes can be what in water?

Answer 30

Insoluble. It is NOT easily hydrolyzed.

Question 31

Why are waxes important in nature?

Answer 31

It provides protective coatings on feathers, fur, skin, leaves, and fruit.

Question 32

Triglyceride has how many fatty acids?

Answer 32

3

Question 33

Fluid Mosaic Model is kept together by

Answer 33

Intermolecular forces

Question 33

Emulsify means what?

Answer 33

Turning non-soluble into a colloid

Question 34

What kind of salts emulsify lipids?

Answer 34

Bile-salts

Question 35

Phosphoglycerides are used as what?

Answer 35

emulsifying agent in foods

Question 36

Steroids are what kind of lipids?

Answer 36

Non-saponifiable lipids

Question 36

Cholesterol is what?

Answer 36

The most abundant steroid in the human body

Question 37

Bile Salts

Answer 37

important in lipid digestion and act as an emulsifying agent

Question 38

Steroids acts as what in the body?

Answer 38

Hormones

Question 38

What are hormones?

Answer 38

Chemical messengers secreted by specific glands and carried by the blood to the targeted tisssue

Question 39

What are the two major categories of steroid hormones?

Answer 39

Adrenocorticoid hormones and sex hormones.

Question 40

What is part of the steroid hormones?

Answer 40

Cortisol, Progesterone, Estradiol, and Testosterone.

Question 41

What is the shape of a Steroid?

Answer 41

4 rings -> 3 six membered -> 1 five membered