Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Principles Of Fitness Training (KPER 3512) Final Exam > Ch. 17 - Youth > Flashcards

Ch. 17 - Youth Flashcards

1
Q

What are the broadly defined age groups included in “youth” and “pediatric”?

A

Children and adolescents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define children.

A

Boys and girls who have not yet developed secondary sex characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define Adolescense.

A

A period of time between childhood and adulthood, generally including girls 12 to 18 years of age and boys 14 to 18 years of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are some benefits of physical activity for youth?

A
  • Enhance cardiovascular fitness
  • Increase muscular strength
  • Improve metabolic health
  • Also learn skills, make friends, have fun, and feel good about accomplishments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the recommended amount of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for children and adolescents per day?

A

At least an average of 60 minutes per day across the week

(420 mins a week)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What types of activities should be included in the recommended physical activity for youth?

A

Both health- and skill-related activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the three components of health-related physical activity?

A

Endurance, strength, flexibility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the components of skill-related physical activity?

A
  • Agility
  • Balance
  • Coordination
  • Speed
  • Power
  • Reaction time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Besides physical education and recess, where else should youth have regular opportunities for physical activity?

A

Before and after school

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In the United States, what percentage of youth participate in 60 minutes of MVPA per day?

A

Only 24%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Are a majority of youth getting the recommended ammount of MVPA?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When does a decline and disinterest in physical activity tend to emerge in youth?

A

Early in life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some areas of concern related to youth physical activity levels?

A
  • Poor fundamental movement skills, low muscle strength
  • Also, technological advances and social media have decreased the need to move, physical education is considered expendable in some communities, and the cost of participating in organized sports may be a barrier
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the potential annual costs of maintaining current physical activity levels in terms of direct medical costs?

A

$1.1 trillion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the potential annual costs of maintaining current physical activity levels in terms of lost productivity?

A

$1.7 trillion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why are fundamental movement skills important?

A

They are foundational for ongoing participation in more complex exercise and sport activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the three categories of fundamental movement skills?

A
  • Locomotor
  • Object control
  • Stability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why is muscular strength important for youth?

A

Weaker youth are susceptible to the inevitable consequences of muscle disuse and dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How do children differ from adults in their acute responses to physical activity regarding stroke volume at a given intensity?

A

Children are lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are children’s responses to exercise?

A
  • ↓ BP
  • ↓ CO
  • ↓ SV
  • ↓Glycolytic capacity
  • ↓ Minute ventilation
  • ↓ Tidial volume
  • ↑ Heart rate
  • ↑ respiratory rate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How do children differ from adults in their acute responses to physical activity regarding stroke volume at a given intensity?

A

Children are lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How do children differ from adults in their acute responses to physical activity regarding submaximal heart rate at a given intensity?

A

Children are higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How do children differ from adults in their acute responses to physical activity regarding maximal heart rate?

A

Children are higher

24
Q

What are children lower in regarding the acute effects of PA when comparing to adults?

A
  • Stroke volume
  • Smaller increases in CO
  • BP
  • Tidal volume
  • Glycolitic activity
  • Sweat per gland (when exercising in heat)
25
What are children **higher** in regarding the acute effects of PA when comparing to adults?
* Submax HR * Maximal HR * Respiratory rate * Surface to body mass ratio * Rate of intramuscular creatine phosphate resythesis * Recovery from physical exertion
26
What are some benefits of regular physical activity for youth?
Significant improvements in: * Aerobic fitness * Muscular strength * Motor skills * Body composition * Skeletal tissue * Blood lipids * Cardiometabolic health * Also, reduction in symptoms of anxiety and depression, and cognitive effects that can improve academic performance and brain health
27
What are low levels of MVPA during childhood and adolescence associated with?
Worsened mental health and impairments in self-perceptions and psychological well-being
28
What can regular exposure to fitness programs in a supportive setting provide for youth?
An opportunity to make friends, overcome challenges, and be more psychologically resilient
29
What is the "**Proficiency Barrier**" in the context of youth physical activity?
Without the development of prerequisite movement skill proficiency, the ability to perform more context-specific skills during exercise and sport may be limited
30
What should exercise sessions for youth include to address the proficiency barrier?
Allocate time for direct learning experiences that target neuromuscular deficiencies with strength- and skill-building activities as part of a long-term approach to physical development
31
What are some important characteristics of program design for youth physical activity?
* Qualified instructors * Meaningful experiences * Positive social interactions
32
What balance should be considered in youth physical activity programs?
Balance quantitative aspects (60 minutes per day MVPA) with qualitative aspects of having fun, making friends, and learning something new
32
Should children be expected to exercise in the same way as adults?
**No.** Children tend to be intermittently active and engage in sporadic bouts of MVPA with varying intensity
33
What is FUNdamental Fitness?
Integrative training designed to enhance both health- and skill-related components of physical fitness
34
What are some key aspects of FUNdamental Fitness?
* Meaningful instruction * Deliberate practice * Technique-driven progression
35
What are some beneficial aspects of resistance training for youth?
* Improved muscular fitness and enhanced motor skill performance * Favorable changes in bone mineral density, body composition, cardiometabolic health, and self-worth
36
What is the primary reason for strength gains during childhood?
Neuromuscular mechanisms
37
How should youth begin resistance training?
At a level consistent with physical abilities
38
Give examples of strength-building animal-like movements for youth.
* Crocodile planks * Bunny hops * Bear crawls | (relate to animals)
39
What types of external loads can be used in more advanced resistance training for youth?
* Dumbbells * Barbells * Medicine balls
40
What should happen as a youth's resistance training skill literacy improves?
They can be introduced to more-complex exercises
41
What are some guiding strategies when working with youth in physical activity?
* Greet participants by their name * Ensure a **safe** **exercise** **environment** and explain safety rules * Encourage youth to share ideas, use their **imagination**, and choose fitness activities * Understand that youth are active in **different** ways and for **different** reasons than adults * Create an environment focused on **cooperation**, **learning**, and **fun** * Design **integrative** lessons including skill, strength, and aerobic activities * **Recognize** individual **differences** and **praise** **effort**
42
What type of feedback should be provided to youth in physical activity settings?
Constructive feedback in a positive and supportive manner
43
# Article (Behm et al.) According to the CSEP Position Paper (Behm et al., 2008) on resistance training and youth, what is the recommended duration of a dynamic warm-up?
5-10 minutes
44
# Article (Behm et al.) What are the FITT principles for **resistance training** for **youth?**
* **F:** 2-3 **non-consecutive** days of week * **I:** Light to moderate (~60% 1RM) * **T:** 1-2 sets X 8-15 reps; Progress to 4 sets * **T:** Whole body routine, MJ, 8-12 exercises
45
# Article (Behm et al.) According to the CSEP Position Paper, what should follow resistance training?
Cool-down (less intense PA and static stretching)
46
# (Article Feignbaum et al.) What are the FITT principles recommended for **resistance training** in **novice youths?**
* **F:** 2-3 d/wk * **I:** 50-70% 1RM * **T:** 1-2 sets X 10-15 Reps (1min RI) * **T:** MJ and SJ * **C:** 0-3 months of RT | RI = rest intervals ## Footnote C is Category
47
# (Article Feignbaum et al.) What are the FITT principles recommended for **resistance training** in **intermediate youths?**
* **F:** 2-3 d/wk * **I:** 60-80% 1RM * **T:** 2-3 sets X 8-12 Reps (1-2 min RI) * **T:** MJ and SJ * **C:** 3-12 months of RT ## Footnote C is Category
48
# (Article Feignbaum et al.) What are the FITT principles recommended for **resistance training** in **advanced youths?**
* **F:** 3-4 d/wk * **I:** 70-80% 1RM * **T:** ≥3 sets X 6-10 Reps (2-3min RI) * **T:** MJ and SJ * **C:** >12 months of RT ## Footnote C is Category
49
# Article (Behm et al.) What are important considerations for resistance training technique and form in youth, according to the CSEP Position Paper?
* Use strict technique and form * No minimum age, but consider maturity * Also, include balance and coordination, and gradually progress
50
# (Article Feignbaum et al.) According to the NSCA Position Statement, at what age can a child begin resistance training, depending on maturity?
7-8 years of age
51
# (Article Feignbaum et al.) According to this chapter, what is the approximate age range for **pre-adolescence** in **females**?
~11 years
52
# (Article Feignbaum et al.) According to this chapter, what is the approximate age range for **pre-adolescence** in **males**?
~13 years
53
# (Article Feignbaum et al.) According to this chapter, what is the approximate age range for **adolescence** in **females**?
~12-18 years
54
# (Article Feignbaum et al.) According to this chapter, what is the approximate age range for **adolescence** in **males**?
~14-18 years

Principles Of Fitness Training (KPER 3512) Final Exam (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions